Ââåäåí

Ïîñòàíîâëåíèåì

Ãîññòàíäàðòà Ðîññèè

îò 5 äåêàáðÿ 2003 ã. N 346-ñò

 

Äàòà ââåäåíèÿ -

1 èþëÿ 2004 ãîäà

 

ÌÅÆÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅÍÍÛÉ ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒ

 

ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÜ ÎÁÎÐÓÄÎÂÀÍÈß

 

ÒÅÐÌÈÍÛ È ÎÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÈß

 

SAFETY OF MACHINERY. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

 

ÃÎÑÒ ÅÍ 1070-2003

 

Ïðåäèñëîâèå

 

1. Ðàçðàáîòàí Âñåðîññèéñêèì íàó÷íî-èññëåäîâàòåëüñêèì èíñòèòóòîì ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè è ñåðòèôèêàöèè â ìàøèíîñòðîåíèè (ÂÍÈÈÍÌÀØ) Ãîññòàíäàðòà Ðîññèè.

Âíåñåí Ãîññòàíäàðòîì Ðîññèè.

2. Ïðèíÿò Ìåæãîñóäàðñòâåííûì ñîâåòîì ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè, ìåòðîëîãèè è ñåðòèôèêàöèè (ïðîòîêîë N 23 îò 22 ìàÿ 2003 ã.).

Çà ïðèíÿòèå ïðîãîëîñîâàëè:

 

┌──────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Íàèìåíîâàíèå ãîñóäàðñòâà │  Íàèìåíîâàíèå íàöèîíàëüíîãî îðãàíà 

                                    ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè         

├──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────┤

│Àçåðáàéäæàíñêàÿ Ðåñïóáëèêà│Àçñòàíäàðò                          

│Ãðóçèÿ                    │Ãðóçñòàíäàðò                        

│Êûðãûçñêàÿ Ðåñïóáëèêà     │Êûðãûçñòàíäàðò                      

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Àðìåíèÿ        │Àðìãîññòàíäàðò                      

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Áåëàðóñü       │Ãîññòàíäàðò Ðåñïóáëèêè Áåëàðóñü     

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Êàçàõñòàí      │Ãîññòàíäàðò Ðåñïóáëèêè Êàçàõñòàí    

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Ìîëäîâà        │Ìîëäîâà-Ñòàíäàðò                    

│Ðîññèéñêàÿ Ôåäåðàöèÿ      │Ãîññòàíäàðò Ðîññèè                  

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Òàäæèêèñòàí    │Òàäæèêñòàíäàðò                      

│Ðåñïóáëèêà Óçáåêèñòàí     │Óçñòàíäàðò                          

│Òóðêìåíèñòàí              │Ãëàâãîññëóæáà "Òóðêìåíñòàíäàðòëàðû" 

│Óêðàèíà                   │Ãîñïîòðåáñòàíäàðò Óêðàèíû           

└──────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────┘

 

3. Íàñòîÿùèé ñòàíäàðò ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé èäåíòè÷íûé òåêñò åâðîïåéñêîãî ñòàíäàðòà ÅÍ 1070-98 "Áåçîïàñíîñòü îáîðóäîâàíèÿ. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ".

4. Ïîñòàíîâëåíèåì Ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî êîìèòåòà Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè è ìåòðîëîãèè îò 5 äåêàáðÿ 2003 ã. N 346-ñò ìåæãîñóäàðñòâåííûé ñòàíäàðò ÃÎÑÒ ÅÍ 1070-2003 ââåäåí â äåéñòâèå íåïîñðåäñòâåííî â êà÷åñòâå íàöèîíàëüíîãî ñòàíäàðòà Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè ñ 1 èþëÿ 2004 ãîäà.

5. Ââåäåí âïåðâûå.

 

Ââåäåíèå

 

Öåëü ðàçðàáîòêè íàñòîÿùåãî ñòàíäàðòà, ñîäåðæàùåãî èäåíòè÷íûé òåêñò åâðîïåéñêîãî ñòàíäàðòà ÅÍ 1070-98, - ïðåäîñòàâèòü êîíñòðóêòîðàì, èçãîòîâèòåëÿì îáîðóäîâàíèÿ è äðóãèì çàèíòåðåñîâàííûì ñòîðîíàì ñîâðåìåííóþ íåïðîòèâîðå÷èâóþ è íåäâóñìûñëåííóþ òåðìèíîëîãèþ â îáëàñòè áåçîïàñíîñòè îáîðóäîâàíèÿ äëÿ äîñòèæåíèÿ ñîîòâåòñòâèÿ ñ åâðîïåéñêèì çàêîíîäàòåëüñòâîì.

Íàñòîÿùèé ñòàíäàðò îáúåäèíÿåò ïîíÿòèÿ, îòíîñÿùèåñÿ ê áåçîïàñíîñòè îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, âçÿòûå èç ñòàíäàðòîâ òèïà À (îñíîâîïîëàãàþùèõ ñòàíäàðòîâ ïî áåçîïàñíîñòè), ñòàíäàðòîâ òèïà  (ãðóïïîâûõ ñòàíäàðòîâ ïî áåçîïàñíîñòè) è èç Ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî ýëåêòðîòåõíè÷åñêîãî ñëîâàðÿ (ÌÝÑ).

 ñòàíäàðòå ïðèâåäåíû ýêâèâàëåíòû ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûõ òåðìèíîâ íà íåìåöêîì (de), àíãëèéñêîì (en) è ôðàíöóçñêîì (fr) ÿçûêàõ.

Ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûå òåðìèíû íàáðàíû ïîëóæèðíûì øðèôòîì.

 

1. Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ

 

Íàñòîÿùèé ñòàíäàðò óñòàíàâëèâàåò òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ ïîíÿòèé â îáëàñòè áåçîïàñíîñòè îáîðóäîâàíèÿ.

Òåðìèíû, óñòàíîâëåííûå íàñòîÿùèì ñòàíäàðòîì, îáÿçàòåëüíû äëÿ ïðèìåíåíèÿ âî âñåõ âèäàõ äîêóìåíòàöèè è ëèòåðàòóðû ïî âîïðîñàì áåçîïàñíîñòè îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, âõîäÿùèõ â ñôåðó ðàáîò ïî ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè è/èëè èñïîëüçóþùèõ ðåçóëüòàòû ýòèõ ðàáîò.

 

2. Íîðìàòèâíûå ññûëêè

 

 íàñòîÿùåì ñòàíäàðòå èñïîëüçîâàíà ññûëêà íà ñëåäóþùèé ñòàíäàðò:

ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1-2001. Áåçîïàñíîñòü îáîðóäîâàíèÿ. Îñíîâíûå ïîíÿòèÿ, îáùèå ïðèíöèïû êîíñòðóèðîâàíèÿ. ×àñòü 1. Îñíîâíûå òåðìèíû, ìåòîäèêà.

 

3. Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ

 

    3.1. ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÛ ÒÈÏÀ À: Îñíîâîïîëàãàþùèå      de  Typ A-Normen

ñòàíäàðòû ïî áåçîïàñíîñòè, ñîäåðæàùèå îñíîâíûå   en  type A standards

êîíöåïöèè, ïðèíöèïû êîíñòðóèðîâàíèÿ è îáùèå      fr  normes de type A

àñïåêòû, êîòîðûå ìîãóò áûòü ïðèìåíåíû ê

îáîðóäîâàíèþ âñåõ âèäîâ.

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÅÍ 414 [1]).

 

    3.2. ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÛ ÒÈÏÀ Â: Ãðóïïîâûå ñòàíäàðòû   de  Typ B-Normen

ïî áåçîïàñíîñòè, êîòîðûå îòíîñÿòñÿ ê îäíîìó      en  type B standards

àñïåêòó áåçîïàñíîñòè èëè ê îäíîìó òèïó           fr  normes de type B

çàùèòíîãî óñòðîéñòâà è êîòîðûå ìîãóò áûòü

ïðèìåíåíû ê îáîðóäîâàíèþ øèðîêîãî äèàïàçîíà:

    - ñòàíäàðòû òèïà Â1 ðàñïðîñòðàíÿþòñÿ íà

îïðåäåëåííûå àñïåêòû áåçîïàñíîñòè (íàïðèìåð,

áåçîïàñíîå ðàññòîÿíèå, òåìïåðàòóðà ïîâåðõíîñòè,

øóì);

    - ñòàíäàðòû òèïà Â2 ðàñïðîñòðàíÿþòñÿ íà

óñòðîéñòâà, îáåñïå÷èâàþùèå áåçîïàñíîñòü

(íàïðèìåð, äâóðó÷íîå óñòðîéñòâî óïðàâëåíèÿ,

áëîêèðóþùåå óñòðîéñòâî).

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÅÍ 414 [1]).

 

    3.3. ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÛ ÒÈÏÀ Ñ: Ñòàíäàðòû ïî          de  Typ C-Normen

áåçîïàñíîñòè ìàøèí, ñîäåðæàùèå äåòàëüíûå         en  type C standards

òðåáîâàíèÿ ïî áåçîïàñíîñòè îòäåëüíûõ âèäîâ       fr  normes de type C

ìàøèí èëè ãðóïïû îäíîðîäíûõ ìàøèí.

    (Ñì. 3.3 ÅÍ 414 [1]).

 

    3.4. ÎÁÎÐÓÄÎÂÀÍÈÅ: Ñîâîêóïíîñòü ñâÿçàííûõ    de  Maschine

ìåæäó ñîáîé ÷àñòåé èëè óñòðîéñòâ, èç êîòîðûõ     en  machinery

ïî êðàéíåé ìåðå îäíî äâèæåòñÿ, à òàêæå ýëåìåíòû  fr  machine

ïðèâîäà, óïðàâëåíèÿ è ýíåðãåòè÷åñêèå óçëû,

êîòîðûå ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ îïðåäåëåííîãî

ïðèìåíåíèÿ, â ÷àñòíîñòè äëÿ îáðàáîòêè,

ïðîèçâîäñòâà, ïåðåìåùåíèÿ èëè óïàêîâêè

ìàòåðèàëà.

    Ê òåðìèíó "îáîðóäîâàíèå" îòíîñÿò òàêæå

ìàøèíó è ñîâîêóïíîñòü ìàøèí, êîòîðûå òàê

óñòðîåíû è óïðàâëÿåìû, ÷òî îíè ôóíêöèîíèðóþò êàê

åäèíîå öåëîå äëÿ äîñòèæåíèÿ îäíîé è òîé æå öåëè.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå -  ïðèëîæåíèè À

ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1 ïðåäñòàâëåíî îáùåå

ñõåìàòè÷åñêîå èçîáðàæåíèå ìàøèíû.

 

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.5. ÍÀÄÅÆÍÎÑÒÜ: Ñïîñîáíîñòü îáîðóäîâàíèÿ    de  Zuverlassigkeit

áåçîòêàçíî âûïîëíÿòü çàäàííûå ôóíêöèè ïðè        en  reliability

îïðåäåëåííûõ óñëîâèÿõ è â çàäàííîì èíòåðâàëå     fr  fiabilite

âðåìåíè.

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.6. ÐÅÌÎÍÒÎÏÐÈÃÎÄÍÎÑÒÜ ÌÀØÈÍÛ: Âîçìîæíîñòü  de  Instandhaltbarkeit

ñîäåðæàòü ìàøèíó â òàêîì ñîñòîÿíèè èëè âåðíóòü       einer Maschine

åå â òàêîå ñîñòîÿíèå, â êîòîðîì îíà ìîãëà áû     en  maintainability of a

âûïîëíÿòü ôóíêöèè â îáëàñòè ïðåäíàçíà÷åííîãî         machine

ïðèìåíåíèÿ (ñì. 3.12 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1),       fr  maintenabilite d'une

ïðè÷åì ñîäåðæàíèå ìàøèíû â èñïðàâíîñòè ìîæåò         machine

áûòü îáåñïå÷åíî èíñòðóêöèåé èçãîòîâèòåëÿ è ñ

ïîìîùüþ ïðåäóñìîòðåííûõ äëÿ ýòîãî ñðåäñòâ.

    (Ñì. 3.3 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.7. ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÜ ÌÀØÈÍÛ: Ñïîñîáíîñòü ìàøèíû de  Sicherheit einer

âûïîëíÿòü ôóíêöèè è èìåòü âîçìîæíîñòü áûòü           Maschine

òðàíñïîðòèðóåìîé, óñòàíàâëèâàåìîé, ðåãóëèðóåìîé, en  safety of a machine

îáñëóæèâàåìîé, äåìîíòèðóåìîé è óòèëèçèðóåìîé â   fr  securite d'une machine

óñëîâèÿõ ïðåäíàçíà÷åííîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ

(ñì. 3.15) ñîãëàñíî èíñòðóêöèè èçãîòîâèòåëÿ

(à â íåêîòîðûõ ñëó÷àÿõ, â òå÷åíèå çàäàííîãî

èíòåðâàëà âðåìåíè, ñîãëàñíî ðóêîâîäñòâó ïî

ýêñïëóàòàöèè) áåç òðàâìèðîâàíèÿ èëè íàíåñåíèÿ

äðóãîãî âðåäà çäîðîâüþ.

    (Ñì. 3.4 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.8. ÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÜ: Èñòî÷íèê âîçìîæíûõ òðàâì èëè de  Gefahrdung

íàíåñåíèÿ äðóãîãî âðåäà çäîðîâüþ.                en  hazard

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ïîíÿòèå "îïàñíîñòü" ïðèìåíÿþò   fr  phenomene dangereux

â îáùåì ñî÷åòàíèè ñ äðóãèìè ïîíÿòèÿìè, êîòîðûå

ñâÿçàíû ñ îæèäàåìûìè òðàâìàìè èëè äðóãèì âðåäîì

äëÿ çäîðîâüÿ: îïàñíîñòüþ óäàðà ýëåêòðè÷åñêèì

òîêîì, îïàñíîñòüþ ðàçäàâëèâàíèÿ, îïàñíîñòüþ

ïîðåçà, îïàñíîñòüþ îòðàâëåíèÿ è ò.ä. Îïàñíîñòè,

êîòîðûå èñõîäÿò îò îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, îïèñàíû â

ðàçäåëå 4 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1.

 

    (Ñì. 3.5 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.9. ÎÏÀÑÍÀß ÑÈÒÓÀÖÈß: Ëþáàÿ ñèòóàöèÿ,       de  Gefahrdungssituation

êîòîðîé ÷åëîâåê ïîäâåðæåí îïàñíîñòè èëè          en  hazardous situation

îïàñíîñòÿì.                                      fr  situation dangereuse

    (Ñì. 3.6 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.10. ÐÈÑÊ: Êîìáèíàöèÿ âåðîÿòíîñòåé è        de  Risiko

ñòåïåíè òÿæåñòè âîçìîæíûõ òðàâì èëè íàíåñåíèÿ    en  risk

äðóãîãî âðåäà çäîðîâüþ â îïàñíîé ñèòóàöèè        fr  risque

    (Ñì. 3.7 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.11. ÎÖÅÍÊÀ ÐÈÑÊÀ: Îöåíêà âåðîÿòíîñòè è     de  Risikobewertung

ñòåïåíè òÿæåñòè âîçìîæíîãî òðàâìèðîâàíèÿ èëè     en  risk assessment

íàíåñåíèÿ äðóãîãî âðåäà çäîðîâüþ â îïàñíîé       fr  estimation du risque

ñèòóàöèè ñ öåëüþ âûáðàòü íåîáõîäèìûå ìåðû

áåçîïàñíîñòè.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ðàçäåë 6 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1

ðàññìàòðèâàåò îöåíêó ðèñêà.

 

    (Ñì. 3.8 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.12. ÎÏÀÑÍÀß ÔÓÍÊÖÈß ÌÀØÈÍÛ: Ëþáàÿ ôóíêöèÿ  de  gefahrdende

ìàøèíû, êîòîðàÿ âî âðåìÿ ðàáîòû âûçûâàåò             Maschinenfunktion

îïàñíîñòü.                                       en  hazardous machine

    (Ñì. 3.9 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).                   function

                                                 fr  fonction dangereuse

                                                     d'une machine

 

    3.13. ÎÏÀÑÍÀß ÇÎÍÀ: Çîíà âíóòðè è (èëè)      de  Gefahrbereich

âîêðóã ìàøèíû, â êîòîðîé ÷åëîâåê ïîäâåðãàåòñÿ    en  danger zone

ðèñêó òðàâìèðîâàíèÿ èëè íàíåñåíèÿ äðóãîãî âðåäà  fr  zone dangereuse

çäîðîâüþ.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Îïàñíîñòè, êîòîðûå âûçûâàþò

ðèñê â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ ýòèì îïðåäåëåíèåì:

    - ëèáî ïîñòîÿííî äåéñòâóþùèå ïðè

ïðåäíàçíà÷åííîì èñïîëüçîâàíèè ìàøèíû (îïàñíîå

äâèæåíèå åå ïîäâèæíûõ ÷àñòåé, ýëåêòðè÷åñêàÿ äóãà

ïðè ñâàðêå è ò.ä.);

    - ëèáî âîçíèêàþùèå íåîæèäàííî (íåîæèäàííûé

ïóñê è ò.ä.).

 

    (Ñì. 3.10 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.14. ÊÎÍÑÒÐÓÊÖÈß ÌÀØÈÍÛ: Ðÿä äåéñòâèé,      de  Konstruktion einer

âêëþ÷àÿ:                                             Maschine

    à) èññëåäîâàíèå ñàìîé ìàøèíû, ó÷èòûâàÿ âñå   en  design of a machine

ñòàäèè åå æèçíåííîãî öèêëà:                      fr  conception d'une

    1) êîíñòðóèðîâàíèå;                              machine

    2) òðàíñïîðòèðîâàíèå è ââîä â ýêñïëóàòàöèþ:

    - ñáîðêà,

    - óñòàíîâêà,

    - ðåãóëèðîâêà;

    3) ïðèìåíåíèå (èñïîëüçîâàíèå):

    - íàñòðîéêà, îáó÷åíèå/ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèå èëè

ïðîöåññ ïåðåíàëàäêè,

    - ýêñïëóàòàöèÿ (ðàáîòà),

    - î÷èñòêà,

    - ïîèñê ïîñëåäñòâèé îòêàçîâ è ïîâðåæäåíèé,

    - òåõíè÷åñêîå îáñëóæèâàíèå;

    4) âûâîä èç ýêñïëóàòàöèè, äåìîíòàæ,

óòèëèçàöèþ;

    á) ðàçðàáîòêó ðóêîâîäñòâà ïî ýêñïëóàòàöèè

îòíîñèòåëüíî âñåõ âûøåóïîìÿíóòûõ ñòàäèé

(èñêëþ÷àÿ êîíñòðóèðîâàíèå) ïî 5.5 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ

12100-2 [2].

    (Ñì. 3.11 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.15. ÏÐÅÄÍÀÇÍÀ×ÅÍÍÎÅ ÈÑÏÎËÜÇÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÌÀØÈÍÛ:  de  bestimmungsgemasse

Ïðèìåíåíèå, ïðè êîòîðîì ìàøèíó èñïîëüçóþò            Verwendung einer

ñîãëàñíî íàçíà÷åíèþ, ïðåäóñìîòðåííîìó                Maschine

èçãîòîâèòåëåì, èëè êîòîðîå ÿâëÿåòñÿ îáû÷íûì      en  intended use of a

äëÿ êîíñòðóêöèè è íàçíà÷åíèÿ ìàøèíû. Ê               machine

ïðåäíàçíà÷åííîìó èñïîëüçîâàíèþ îòíîñÿò, êðîìå    fr  utilisation normale

òîãî, ñîîòâåòñòâèå òåõíè÷åñêèì èíñòðóêöèÿì,          d'une machine

èçëîæåííûì â ðóêîâîäñòâå ïî ýêñïëóàòàöèè

(ñì. 5.5 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-2 [2]), ãäå äîëæíû

áûòü îïèñàíû âîçìîæíûå ñëó÷àè íåïðàâèëüíîãî

èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå -  ÷èñëå âîçìîæíûõ ñëó÷àåâ

íåïðàâèëüíîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ïðè îöåíêå ðèñêà

äîëæíû áûòü ó÷òåíû ñëåäóþùèå ñëó÷àè ïîâåäåíèÿ:

    - âîçìîæíîå îøèáî÷íîå ïîâåäåíèå âñëåäñòâèå

îáû÷íîé íåâíèìàòåëüíîñòè, íî íå âñëåäñòâèå

ïðåäíàìåðåííîãî íåïðàâèëüíîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ

ìàøèíû;

    - ðåàêöèÿ ïåðñîíàëà â ñëó÷àå îøèáêè â

ðàáîòå, ïðîñòîÿ è ò.ä. âî âðåìÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ

ìàøèíû;

    - ïîâåäåíèå, êîòîðîå ìîæíî îïðåäåëèòü êàê

"ïóòü íàèìåíüøåãî ñîïðîòèâëåíèÿ" ïðè ðåøåíèè

çàäà÷è;

    - ïðåäíàìåðåííîå ïîâåäåíèå íà íåêîòîðûõ

ìàøèíàõ (îñîáåííî íà ìàøèíàõ äëÿ

íåïðîèçâîäñòâåííîãî íàçíà÷åíèÿ) îïðåäåëåííîé

êàòåãîðèè ëþäåé, íàïðèìåð, äåòåé èëè ëþäåé ñ

çàìåäëåííîé ðåàêöèåé. (Ñì. 5.7.1 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ

12100-1).

 

    (Ñì. 3.12 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.16. ÊÐÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÔÓÍÊÖÈÈ ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÈ:      de  direkt wirkende

Ôóíêöèè ìàøèíû, íàðóøåíèå êîòîðûõ ïðèâåëî áû ê       Sicherheitsfunktionen

ïîâûøåíèþ ðèñêà òðàâìèðîâàíèÿ èëè íàíåñåíèÿ      en  safety critical

äðóãîãî âðåäà çäîðîâüþ.                              functions

    Èìåþòñÿ äâå êàòåãîðèè êðèòè÷åñêèõ ôóíêöèé    fr  fonctions de securite

áåçîïàñíîñòè:                                        directe

    à) ñïåöèôè÷åñêèå ôóíêöèè áåçîïàñíîñòè,

êîòîðûå ñïåöèàëüíî ïðåäóñìîòðåíû äëÿ îáåñïå÷åíèÿ

áåçîïàñíîñòè. Íàïðèìåð:

    - ïðåäîòâðàùàþùèå íåîæèäàííûé ïóñê

(áëîêèðîâêà â ñî÷åòàíèè ñ îòäåëüíûìè çàùèòíûìè

óñòðîéñòâàìè),

    - ïðåïÿòñòâóþùèå ïîâòîðåíèþ ðàáî÷åãî öèêëà,

    - äâóðó÷íîå óïðàâëåíèå;

    á) ôóíêöèè ñàìîé ìàøèíû, îáåñïå÷èâàþùèå

áåçîïàñíîñòü, íî íå ÿâëÿþùèåñÿ ñïåöèôè÷åñêèìè

ôóíêöèÿìè. Íàïðèìåð:

    - ðó÷íîå óïðàâëåíèå îäíèì îïàñíûì ìåõàíèçìîì

âî âðåìÿ íàëàäêè ïðè îòêëþ÷åííûõ çàùèòíûõ

óñòðîéñòâàõ. (Ñì. 3.7.9 è 4.1.4 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ

12100-2 [2]),

    - óïðàâëåíèå ñêîðîñòüþ èëè òåìïåðàòóðîé,

êîòîðûå ïîääåðæèâàþòñÿ ìàøèíîé â áåçîïàñíîì

äèàïàçîíå.

    (Ñì. 3.13.1 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.17. ÄÓÁËÈÐÓÞÙÈÅ ÔÓÍÊÖÈÈ ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÈ:      de  indirekt wirkende

Ôóíêöèè, îòêàç êîòîðûõ íå âåäåò íåïîñðåäñòâåííî      Sicherheitsfunktionen

ê îïàñíîñòè, îäíàêî óìåíüøàåò óðîâåíü            en  back-up functions

áåçîïàñíîñòè. Îíè îõâàòûâàþò àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé      fr  fonctions de securite

êîíòðîëü (ñì. 3.7.6 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-2 [2])         indirecte

ëþáîé êðèòè÷åñêîé ôóíêöèè áåçîïàñíîñòè

(íàïðèìåð, êîíòðîëü ïðàâèëüíîé ðàáîòû

ïîçèöèîííîãî ïåðåêëþ÷àòåëÿ, îòíîñÿùåãîñÿ ê

áëîêèðóþùåìó óñòðîéñòâó).

    (Ñì. 3.13.2 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.18. ÀÂÒÎÌÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÊÎÍÒÐÎËÜ: Äóáëèðóþùàÿ   de  automatische

ôóíêöèÿ áåçîïàñíîñòè, êîòîðàÿ îáåñïå÷èâàåò           Uberwachung

çàäàííûé óðîâåíü áåçîïàñíîñòè, åñëè ñïîñîáíîñòü  en  automatic monitoring

ñîñòàâíîé ÷àñòè èëè ýëåìåíòà ìàøèíû âûïîëíÿòü    fr  auto-surveillance

ñâîè ôóíêöèè óìåíüøàåòñÿ èëè óñëîâèÿ ðàáîòû

èçìåíÿþòñÿ äî îïàñíîãî óðîâíÿ.

    Åñòü äâå êàòåãîðèè àâòîìàòè÷åñêîãî êîíòðîëÿ:

    - íåïðåðûâíûé àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé êîíòðîëü ïóòåì

íåìåäëåííîãî âêëþ÷åíèÿ ìåð áåçîïàñíîñòè, åñëè

íàñòóïàåò îòêàç;

    - äèñêðåòíûé àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé êîíòðîëü, êîãäà

ôóíêöèÿ áåçîïàñíîñòè âêëþ÷àåòñÿ âî âðåìÿ

ïîñëåäóþùåãî ðàáî÷åãî öèêëà ìàøèíû, åñëè

ïðîèçîøåë îòêàç.

    (Ñì. 3.14 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.19. ÂÅÄÓÙÈÉ Ê ÎÏÀÑÍÎÌÓ ÑÎÑÒÎßÍÈÞ ÎÒÊÀÇ:    de  Ausfall, der zum

Ëþáîé îòêàç ìàøèíû èëè ïåðåáîé â åå                  gefahrlichen Zustand

ýíåðãîñíàáæåíèè, êîòîðûé ïðèâîäèò ê îïàñíîìó         fuhrt

ñîñòîÿíèþ.                                       en  failure to danger

    (Ñì. 3.16 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).              fr  defaillance dangereuse

 

    3.20. ÑÍÈÆÅÍÈÅ ÐÈÑÊÀ ÏÓÒÅÌ ÊÎÍÑÒÐÓÈÐÎÂÀÍÈß:  de  Risikominderung durch

Ê ñíèæåíèþ ðèñêà îòíîñÿò:                            Konstruktion

    - óñòðàíåíèå èëè óìåíüøåíèå êàê ìîæíî        en  risk reduction by

áîëüøåãî ÷èñëà îïàñíîñòåé ïóòåì ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåãî     design

âûáîðà êîíñòðóêöèè;                              fr  prevention intrinseque

    - îãðàíè÷åíèå âîçìîæíîñòè ïîäâåðãíóòü

÷åëîâåêà íåóñòðàíèìûì îïàñíîñòÿì èëè îïàñíîñòÿì,

êîòîðûå ìîãóò áûòü äîñòàòî÷íî ñíèæåíû. Ñíèæåíèå

ðèñêà ìîæåò áûòü äîñòèãíóòî òàêæå ñîêðàùåíèåì

âðåìåíè ïðîâåäåíèÿ ðàáîò â îïàñíûõ çîíàõ.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ðàçäåë 3 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-2

[2] ðàññìàòðèâàåò ñíèæåíèå ðèñêà ïóòåì

êîíñòðóèðîâàíèÿ.

 

    (Ñì. 3.18 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.21. ÒÅÕÍÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÌÅÐÛ ÇÀÙÈÒÛ: Èñïîëüçîâàíèå de  technische

ñïåöèàëüíûõ òåõíè÷åñêèõ ñðåäñòâ (çàùèòíûõ èëè        Schutzmassnahmen

ïðåäîõðàíèòåëüíûõ óñòðîéñòâ), ÷òîáû çàùèòèòü     en  safeguarding

ïåðñîíàë îò îïàñíîñòè, êîòîðàÿ íå ìîæåò áûòü     fr  protection

ïîëíîñòüþ óñòðàíåíà èëè äîñòàòî÷íî îãðàíè÷åíà

êîíñòðóèðîâàíèåì.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ðàçäåë 4 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-2

[2] ðàññìàòðèâàåò òåõíè÷åñêèå ìåðû çàùèòû.

 

    (Ñì. 3.19 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.22. ÈÍÔÎÐÌÀÖÈß ÄËß ÏÎÒÐÅÁÈÒÅËß: Ìåðû       de  Benutzerinformation

áåçîïàñíîñòè, ñîñòîÿùèå èç êîììóíèêàòèâíûõ       en  information for use

ýëåìåíòîâ, òàêèõ êàê òåêñòû, ñëîâà, çíàêè,       fr  informations pour

ñèãíàëû, ñèìâîëû èëè äèàãðàììû, ïðèìåíÿåìûå          l'utilisation

âìåñòå èëè ïî îòäåëüíîñòè äëÿ ïåðåäà÷è

èíôîðìàöèè ïîòðåáèòåëþ. Îíè ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ

ïðîôåññèîíàëüíûõ è (èëè) íåïðîôåññèîíàëüíûõ

ïîòðåáèòåëåé.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ðàçäåë 5 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-2

[2] ñîäåðæèò èíôîðìàöèþ ïîòðåáèòåëþ.

 

    (Ñì. 3.20 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.23. ÎÏÅÐÀÒÎÐ: Ëèöî, êîòîðîå çàíèìàåòñÿ     de  Operator

óñòàíîâêîé è ïóñêîì â ýêñïëóàòàöèþ, íàëàäêîé,    en  operator

òåõíè÷åñêèì îáñëóæèâàíèåì, î÷èñòêîé, ðåìîíòîì    fr  operateur

èëè òðàíñïîðòèðîâàíèåì îáîðóäîâàíèÿ.

    (Ñì. 3.21 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.24. ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ: ×àñòü ìàøèíû,     de  trennende

êîòîðóþ èñïîëüçóþò ñïåöèàëüíî äëÿ îáåñïå÷åíèÿ        Schutzeinrichtung

çàùèòû ïîñðåäñòâîì ôèçè÷åñêîãî áàðüåðà.         en  guard

çàâèñèìîñòè îò êîíñòðóêöèè çàùèòíûì îãðàæäåíèåì  fr  protecteur

ìîæíî íàçâàòü êîæóõ, êðûøêó, ýêðàí, äâåðöó è

ò.ä.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:

    1. Çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå ìîæåò

ôóíêöèîíèðîâàòü:

    - ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíî, è îíî ÿâëÿåòñÿ

ýôôåêòèâíûì òîëüêî â çàêðûòîì ïîëîæåíèè;

    - ñîâìåñòíî ñ áëîêèðóþùèì óñòðîéñòâîì ñ

ôèêñàöèåé èëè áåç íåå, â ýòîì ñëó÷àå çàùèòà

îáåñïå÷èâàåòñÿ íåçàâèñèìî îò ïîëîæåíèÿ

çàùèòíîãî îãðàæäåíèÿ.

    2. Íåïîäâèæíîå çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå ñ÷èòàþò

"çàêðûòûì", êîãäà îíî çàêðåïëåíî â çàêðûòîì

ïîëîæåíèè.

 

    (Ñì. 3.22 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.25. ÍÅÏÎÄÂÈÆÍÎÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ:       de  feststehende trennende

Çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå, çàêðåïëåííîå íà ìåñòå           Schutzeinrichtung

(ò.å. çàêðûòî):                                  en  fixed guard

    - ëèáî ïîñòîÿííî (ïóòåì ïðèâàðèâàíèÿ è       fr  protecteur fixe

ò.ä.);

    - ëèáî ñ ïîìîùüþ ýëåìåíòîâ êðåïëåíèÿ

(áîëòîâ, ãàåê è ò.ä.), êîòîðîå íåâîçìîæíî

ñíÿòü èëè îòêðûòü áåç ïðèìåíåíèÿ èíñòðóìåíòîâ.

    (Ñì. 3.22.1 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.26. ÏÎÄÂÈÆÍÎÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ:         de  bewegliche trennende

Çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå, êîòîðîå â áîëüøèíñòâå           Schutzeinrichtung

ñëó÷àåâ ìåõàíè÷åñêè ñîåäèíåíî ñî ñòàíèíîé        en  movable guard

ìàøèíû (íàïðèìåð, ïîñðåäñòâîì øàðíèðîâ èëè       fr  protecteur mobile

ïðÿìîëèíåéíûõ íàïðàâëÿþùèõ) èëè ñ îäíèì

ñîñåäíèì íåïîäâèæíûì ýëåìåíòîì è êîòîðîå

ìîæåò áûòü îòêðûòî áåç ïðèìåíåíèÿ èíñòðóìåíòîâ.

    (Ñì. 3.22.2 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.27. ÐÅÃÓËÈÐÓÅÌÎÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ:      de  einstellbare trennende

Çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå, ðåãóëèðóåìîå â öåëîì èëè        Schutzeinrichtung

ñîäåðæàùåå îòäåëüíûå ðåãóëèðóåìûå ÷àñòè.         en  adjustable guard

Ðåãóëèðîâêà ñîõðàíÿåòñÿ íåèçìåííîé â òå÷åíèå     fr  protecteur reglable

îïðåäåëåííîãî òåõíîëîãè÷åñêîãî ýòàïà.

    (Ñì. 3.22.3 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.28. ÓÏÐÀÂËßÅÌÎÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ:       de  steuernde trennende

Çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå ñ áëîêèðîâêîé (ñì. 3.23.1        Schutzeinrichtung

ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1), ïðè ïðèìåíåíèè êîòîðîãî:   en  control guard

    - îïàñíûå ôóíêöèè ìàøèíû, áëîêèðóåìûå        fr  protecteur commandant

óêàçàííûì çàùèòíûì îãðàæäåíèåì, íå ìîãóò áûòü        la mise en marche

îñóùåñòâëåíû, ïîêà ýòî çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå íå

çàêðûòî;

    - çàêðûòèå óêàçàííîãî çàùèòíîãî îãðàæäåíèÿ

äåëàåò âîçìîæíûì âûïîëíåíèå îïàñíûõ ôóíêöèé

ìàøèíû.

    (Ñì. 3.22.6 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.29. ÏÐÅÄÎÕÐÀÍÈÒÅËÜÍÎÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ:          de  nicht trennende

Óñòðîéñòâî áåç ôóíêöèè îãðàæäåíèÿ, êîòîðîå           Schutzeinrichtung

èñêëþ÷àåò èëè óìåíüøàåò îïàñíîñòü ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíî en  safety device

èëè ñîâìåñòíî ñ çàùèòíûì îãðàæäåíèåì.            fr  dispositif de

    (Ñì. 3.23 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).                  protection

 

    3.30. ÑÎÏÓÒÑÒÂÓÞÙÅÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß:   de  Zustimmungseinrichtung

Äîïîëíèòåëüíîå ðó÷íîå óñòðîéñòâî óïðàâëåíèÿ,     en  enabling control

èñïîëüçóåìîå ñîâìåñòíî ñ îðãàíîì óïðàâëåíèÿ          device

ïóñêîì, êîòîðîå ïðè íåïðåðûâíîì âîçäåéñòâèè íà   fr  dispositif de

íåãî ïîçâîëÿåò ìàøèíå ôóíêöèîíèðîâàòü.               validation

    (Ñì. 3.23.2 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.31. ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß Ñ ÀÂÒÎÌÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÌ de  Steuereinrichtung mit

ÂÎÇÂÐÀÒÎÌ Â ÈÑÕÎÄÍÎÅ ÏÎËÎÆÅÍÈÅ: Óñòðîéñòâî           selbsttatiger

óïðàâëåíèÿ, êîòîðîå ïðèâîäèò â äåéñòâèå è            Ruckstellung

ïîääåðæèâàåò ðàáîòó ýëåìåíòîâ ìàøèíû òîëüêî ïðè  en  hold-to-run control

âîçäåéñòâèè íà îðãàí ðó÷íîãî óïðàâëåíèÿ. Îðãàí       device

ðó÷íîãî óïðàâëåíèÿ àâòîìàòè÷åñêè âîçâðàùàåòñÿ â  fr  commande necessitant

ïîçèöèþ îñòàíîâà, êîãäà åãî îòïóñêàþò.               une action maintenue

    (Ñì. 3.23.3 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.32. ÄÂÓÐÓ×ÍÎÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß:       de  Schutzeinrichtung mit

Óñòðîéñòâî óïðàâëåíèÿ ñ àâòîìàòè÷åñêèì               Annaherungsreaktion

âîçâðàòîì, êîòîðîå äëÿ ïóñêà è ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèÿ  en  two-hand control

ìàøèíû òðåáóåò ñîâìåñòíîãî äåéñòâèÿ äâóõ îðãàíîâ     device

ðó÷íîãî óïðàâëåíèÿ, ñîçäàâàÿ, òåì ñàìûì, çàùèòó  fr  commande bimanuelle

äëÿ îïåðàòîðà, âîçäåéñòâóþùåãî íà îðãàíû ðó÷íîãî

óïðàâëåíèÿ.

    (Ñì. 3.23.4 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.33. ÂÛÊËÞ×ÀÞÙÅÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ: Óñòðîéñòâî,    de  Zweihandschaltung

êîòîðîå îñòàíàâëèâàåò ìàøèíó èëè ýëåìåíòû        en  trip device

ìàøèíû (èëè èíûì ñïîñîáîì îáåñïå÷èâàåò           fr  dispositif sensible

áåçîïàñíîå ñîñòîÿíèå) â òåõ ñëó÷àÿõ, êîãäà

îïåðàòîð èëè ÷àñòü åãî òåëà îêàçàëèñü â

ïðåäåëàõ îïàñíîé çîíû.

    Âûêëþ÷àþùèå óñòðîéñòâà ñ ðåàêöèåé íà

ïðèáëèæåíèå ìîãóò áûòü:

    - ìåõàíè÷åñêîãî äåéñòâèÿ: òåëåñêîïè÷åñêèé

äàò÷èê, óñòðîéñòâà, ðåàãèðóþùèå íà äàâëåíèå,

è ò.ä.;

    - íåìåõàíè÷åñêîãî äåéñòâèÿ:

ôîòîýëåêòðè÷åñêèå óñòðîéñòâà, óñòðîéñòâà ñ

èñïîëüçîâàíèåì åìêîñòíûõ è óëüòðàçâóêîâûõ

äàò÷èêîâ è ò.ä.

    (Ñì. 3.23.5 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.34. ÌÅÕÀÍÈ×ÅÑÊÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÍÈ×ÈÂÀÞÙÅÅ            de  durch Formschluss

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ: Óñòðîéñòâî, êîòîðîå ñîçäàåò              wirkende

ìåõàíè÷åñêîå ïðåïÿòñòâèå (êëèí, ñòåðæåíü,            Schutzeinrichtung

ñòîïîð, ðàñïîðêà è ò.ä.) äëÿ ìàøèíû è,           en  mechanical restraint

áëàãîäàðÿ ñâîåé ïðî÷íîñòè, ìîæåò ïðåïÿòñòâîâàòü      device

ëþáîìó îïàñíîìó äâèæåíèþ (íàïðèìåð, ïàäåíèþ      fr  dispositif de retenue

êîïðà èç-çà îòêàçà íîðìàëüíîãî îïîðíîãî              mecanique

óñòðîéñòâà).

    (Ñì. 3.23.6 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.35. ÎÃÐÀÍÈ×ÈÂÀÞÙÅÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ: Óñòðîéñòâî, de  Begrenzungseinrichtung

êîòîðîå ïðåïÿòñòâóåò ìàøèíå èëè ýëåìåíòàì        en  limiting device

ìàøèíû ïåðåéòè çàäàííûå ãðàíèöû (íàïðèìåð,       fr  dispositif limiteur

ïðîñòðàíñòâåííûå ãðàíèöû, ïðåäåëüíîå äàâëåíèå).

    (Ñì. 3.23.7 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.36. ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß ÎÃÐÀÍÈ×ÅÍÍÛÌ     de  Schrittschaltung

ÄÂÈÆÅÍÈÅÌ: Óñòðîéñòâî óïðàâëåíèÿ, êîòîðîå ïðè    en  limited movement

âîçäåéñòâèè íà íåãî îãðàíè÷èâàåò äâèæåíèå            control device

ýëåìåíòà ìàøèíû, òåì ñàìûì, ïî âîçìîæíîñòè,      fr  dispositif de commande

óìåíüøàÿ ðèñê. Äàëüíåéøåå äâèæåíèå èñêëþ÷àåòñÿ       de marche par a-coups

äî òåõ ïîð, ïîêà íå ïðîèçîéäåò ïîñëåäóþùåå è

äîïîëíèòåëüíîå âîçäåéñòâèå íà îðãàí óïðàâëåíèÿ.

    (Ñì. 3.23.8 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.37. ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÄËß ÎÃÐÀÍÈ×ÅÍÈß    de  abweisende

ÄÎÑÒÓÏÀ: Ôèçè÷åñêîå ïðåïÿòñòâèå, êîòîðîå íå          Schutzeinrichtung

èñêëþ÷àåò ïîëíîñòüþ äîñòóï ê îïàñíîé çîíå,       en  deterring device

íî çàòðóäíÿåò ñâîáîäíûé äîñòóï.                  fr  dispositif deflecteur

    (Ñì. 3.24 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).

 

    3.38. ÇÀÙÈÒÍÀß ÊÎÍÑÒÐÓÊÖÈß: Ôèçè÷åñêàÿ       de  schutzende

ïðåãðàäà, íàïðèìåð, çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå, ÷àñòü       Konstruktion

ìàøèíû, êîòîðàÿ îãðàíè÷èâàåò ïåðåìåùåíèå         en  protective structure

îïåðàòîðà è (èëè) ÷àñòåé åãî òåëà.               fr  structure de

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÅÍ 294 [3]).                            protection

 

    3.39. ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÅ ÐÀÑÑÒÎßÍÈÅ: Ìèíèìàëüíîå     de  Sicherheitsabstand

ðàññòîÿíèå îò îïàñíîé çîíû, íà êîòîðîì äîëæíà    en  safety distance

áûòü ðàñïîëîæåíà çàùèòíàÿ êîíñòðóêöèÿ.           fr  distance de securite

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÅÍ 294 [3]).

 

    3.40. ÀÂÀÐÈÉÍÛÉ ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂ: Ôóíêöèÿ, êîòîðàÿ    de  NOT-AUS

ïðåäóñìîòðåíà äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû:                   en  emergency stop

    - ïðåäîòâðàùàòü âîçíèêàþùèå è óìåíüøàòü      fr  arret d'urgence

ñóùåñòâóþùèå äëÿ îïåðàòîðà îïàñíîñòè,

ïîâðåæäåíèÿ ìàøèí èëè îáðàáàòûâàåìûõ äåòàëåé;

    - áûòü âûçâàííîé îäíèì åäèíñòâåííûì

äåéñòâèåì îïåðàòîðà â òåõ ñëó÷àÿõ, êîãäà ôóíêöèÿ

íîðìàëüíîãî îñòàíîâà íå ìîæåò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíà.

    Îïàñíîñòè, ðàññìàòðèâàåìûå â íàñòîÿùåì

ñòàíäàðòå, - òå îïàñíîñòè, êîòîðûå ìîãóò

ÿâëÿòüñÿ ðåçóëüòàòîì:

    - ôóíêöèîíàëüíûõ íàðóøåíèé (íåïðàâèëüíîå

ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèå ìàøèíû, íåäîïóñòèìûå ñâîéñòâà

îáðàáàòûâàåìûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ, îøèáêè îïåðàòîðà);

    - íîðìàëüíîé ýêñïëóàòàöèè.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ôóíêöèè, òàêèå êàê

ðåâåðñèðîâàíèå èëè îãðàíè÷åíèå äâèæåíèÿ,

îòêëîíåíèå, ýêðàíèðîâàíèå, òîðìîæåíèå,

ðàçúåäèíåíèå, ìîãóò áûòü ÷àñòüþ ôóíêöèè

àâàðèéíîãî îñòàíîâà. Â íàñòîÿùåì ñòàíäàðòå

ýòè ôóíêöèè íå ðàññìàòðèâàþò.

 

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÅÍ 418 [4]).

 

    3.41. ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÀ ÀÂÀÐÈÉÍÎÃÎ ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂÀ:        de  NOT-AUS-Einrichtung

Ñîâîêóïíîñòü óñòðîéñòâ, ïðåäóñìîòðåííûõ äëÿ      en  emergency stop

âûïîëíåíèÿ ôóíêöèè àâàðèéíîãî îñòàíîâà               equipment

(ñì. ðèñóíîê 2 ÅÍ 418 [4]).                      fr  equipement d'arret

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÅÍ 418 [4]).                            d'urgence

 

    3.42. ÎÐÃÀÍ ÐÓ×ÍÎÃÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß: Ýëåìåíò      de  Stellteil

óïðàâëÿþùåãî óñòðîéñòâà, êîòîðûé ïðè âîçäåéñòâèè en  manual control

íà íåãî âêëþ÷àåò óïðàâëÿþùåå óñòðîéñòâî è        fr  organe de service

êîòîðûé ñïðîåêòèðîâàí òàêèì îáðàçîì, ÷òîáû èì

óïðàâëÿë îïåðàòîð (ñì. 4.4.1 ÅÍ 418 [4]).

    (Ñì. 3.4 ÅÍ 418 [4]).

 

    3.43. ÎÐÃÀÍ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß: ×àñòü ñèñòåìû        de  Bedienteil

ïðèâîäà, ïîäâåðãàåìàÿ âíåøíåìó ñèëîâîìó          en  actuator

âîçäåéñòâèþ (ñì. [5]).                           fr  organe de commande

    Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:

    1. Îðãàí óïðàâëåíèÿ ìîæåò èìåòü ôîðìó ðó÷êè,

ðóêîÿòêè, íàæèìíîé êíîïêè, ðîëèêà, ïëóíæåðà è

ò.ä.

    2. Åñòü íåñêîëüêî ñïîñîáîâ ïðèâåäåíèÿ â

äåéñòâèå, êîòîðûå íå òðåáóþò âíåøíåãî ñèëîâîãî

âîçäåéñòâèÿ, à òîëüêî êàêîãî-ëèáî äåéñòâèÿ.

    3. Ñì. òàêæå 3.32 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6].

 

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.44. ÖÅÏÜ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß: Öåïü, ñëóæàùàÿ äëÿ    de  Steuerstromkreis

óïðàâëåíèÿ ðàáîòîé ìàøèíû è çàùèòû ñèëîâûõ       en  control circuit

öåïåé.                                           fr  circuit de commande

    (Ñì. 3.8 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.45. ÓÏÐÀÂËßÞÙÅÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ: Óñòðîéñòâî,    de  Steuergerat

âêëþ÷åííîå â öåïü óïðàâëåíèÿ è èñïîëüçóåìîå      en  control device

äëÿ óïðàâëåíèÿ ðàáîòîé ìàøèíû (íàïðèìåð,         fr  appareil de commande

äàò÷èê ïîëîæåíèÿ, ðó÷íîé êîíòðîëüíûé

ïåðåêëþ÷àòåëü, ðåëå, ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíûé êëàïàí).

    (Ñì. 3.9 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.46. ÊÎÍÒÐÎËÈÐÓÅÌÛÉ ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂ: Îñòàíîâ        de  gesteuertes

äâèæåíèÿ ìàøèíû â ðåçóëüòàòå, íàïðèìåð,              Stillsetzen

óìåíüøåíèÿ çíà÷åíèÿ ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî ñèãíàëà       en  controlled stop

óïðàâëåíèÿ äî íóëÿ ïîñëå òîãî, êàê ñèãíàë        fr  arret controle

îñòàíîâà áûë ðàñïîçíàí óïðàâëÿþùèì óñòðîéñòâîì,

íî ïðè ñîõðàíåíèè ïîäà÷è ýëåêòðîýíåðãèè íà

èñïîëíèòåëüíûå ìåõàíèçìû ìàøèíû âî âðåìÿ

ïðîöåññà îñòàíîâà.

    (Ñì. 3.11 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.47. ÏÐßÌÎÉ ÊÎÍÒÀÊÒ: Êîíòàêò ëþäåé èëè      de  direktes Beruhren

äîìàøíèõ æèâîòíûõ è ñêîòà ñ ÷àñòÿìè              en  direct contact

îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, íàõîäÿùèìèñÿ ïîä íàïðÿæåíèåì       fr  contact direct

(ñì. [7]).

    (Ñì. 3.13 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.48. ÎÁÎËÎ×ÊÀ: Ýëåìåíò, îáåñïå÷èâàþùèé      de  Gehause

çàùèòó îáîðóäîâàíèÿ îò îïðåäåëåííûõ âíåøíèõ      en  enclosure

âîçäåéñòâèé, à òàêæå çàùèòó ñî âñåõ ñòîðîí îò    fr  enveloppe

ïðÿìûõ êîíòàêòîâ (ñì. [7]).

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Îïðåäåëåíèå, âçÿòîå èç ÌÝÑ,

òðåáóåò ñëåäóþùèõ ïîÿñíåíèé îòíîñèòåëüíî îáëàñòè

ïðèìåíåíèÿ íàñòîÿùåãî ñòàíäàðòà (ñì. ÃÎÑÒ 14254

[8]):

    à) îáîëî÷êè îáåñïå÷èâàþò çàùèòó ëþäåé èëè

äîìàøíèõ æèâîòíûõ è ñêîòà îò äîñòóïà ê îïàñíûì

÷àñòÿì;

    á) áàðüåðû, ðåøåòêè èëè ëþáûå äðóãèå

ñðåäñòâà, ëèáî ïðèñîåäèíåííûå ê îáîëî÷êå, ëèáî

ðàçìåùåííûå ïîä íåé è ïðèñïîñîáëåííûå äëÿ

ïðåäîòâðàùåíèÿ èëè îãðàíè÷åíèÿ ïðîíèêíîâåíèÿ

ñïåöèàëüíûõ èñïûòàòåëüíûõ äàò÷èêîâ,

ðàññìàòðèâàþò êàê ÷àñòè îáîëî÷êè, êðîìå ñëó÷àåâ,

êîãäà îíè ìîãóò áûòü äåìîíòèðîâàíû áåç

ïðèìåíåíèÿ êëþ÷à èëè äðóãîãî èíñòðóìåíòà.

    Îáîëî÷êà ìîæåò áûòü â âèäå:

    - øêàôà èëè êîðîáêè, óñòàíîâëåííîãî(îé) ëèáî

íà ìàøèíå, ëèáî îòäåëüíî îò íåå;

    - îòñåêà, ïðåäñòàâëÿþùåãî ñîáîé çàêðûòîå

ïðîñòðàíñòâî è ÿâëÿþùåãîñÿ ÷àñòüþ êîíñòðóêöèè

ìàøèíû.

 

    (Ñì. 3.18 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.49. ÝÊÂÈÏÎÒÅÍÖÈÀËÜÍÎÅ ÑÎÅÄÈÍÅÍÈÅ:          de  Potentialausgleich

Ýëåêòðè÷åñêîå ñîåäèíåíèå, ïîäâîäÿùåå ê îäíîìó    en  equipotential bonding

è òîìó æå ïîòåíöèàëó ðàçëè÷íûå îòêðûòûå è        fr  liaison

âíåøíèå òîêîïðîâîäÿùèå ÷àñòè (ñì. [7]).              equipotentielle

    (Ñì. 3.20 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.50. ÎÒÊÐÛÒÀß ÒÎÊÎÏÐÎÂÎÄßÙÀß ×ÀÑÒÜ:         de  Korper (eines

Òîêîïðîâîäÿùàÿ ÷àñòü ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî                  elektrischen

îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, ê êîòîðîé ìîæíî ïðèêîñíóòüñÿ è         Betriebsmittels)

êîòîðàÿ îáû÷íî íå íàõîäèòñÿ ïîä íàïðÿæåíèåì,     en  exposed conductive

íî â ñëó÷àå ïîâðåæäåíèÿ ìîæåò îêàçàòüñÿ ïîä          part

íàïðÿæåíèåì.                                     fr  masse (partie

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Òîêîïðîâîäÿùóþ ÷àñòü                conductrice

ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, êîòîðàÿ â               accessible)

ðåçóëüòàòå ïîâðåæäåíèÿ ìîæåò îêàçàòüñÿ ïîä

íàïðÿæåíèåì ÷åðåç îòêðûòóþ òîêîïðîâîäÿùóþ ÷àñòü,

íå ñ÷èòàþò îòêðûòîé òîêîïðîâîäÿùåé ÷àñòüþ

(ñì. [7]).

 

    (Ñì. 3.21 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.51. ÂÍÅØÍßß ÒÎÊÎÏÐÎÂÎÄßÙÀß ×ÀÑÒÜ:          de  fremdes leitfahiges

Òîêîïðîâîäÿùàÿ ÷àñòü, íå âõîäÿùàÿ â ñîñòàâ           Teil

ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî óñòðîéñòâà, íî ñïîñîáíàÿ          en  extraneous conductive

ââîäèòü ýëåêòðè÷åñêèé ïîòåíöèàë, êîòîðûé             part

îáû÷íî ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîòåíöèàëîì çåìëè (ñì. [7]).     fr  element conducteur

    (Ñì. 3.22 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.52. ÎÒÊÀÇ: Íàðóøåíèå ñïîñîáíîñòè           de  Ausfall

îáîðóäîâàíèÿ âûïîëíÿòü òðåáóåìóþ ôóíêöèþ.        en  failure

    Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:                                  fr  defaillance

    1. Ïîñëå îòêàçà îáîðóäîâàíèå íàõîäèòñÿ â

íåèñïðàâíîì ñîñòîÿíèè.

    2. "Îòêàç" ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñîáûòèåì, â îòëè÷èå îò

"íåèñïðàâíîñòè", êîòîðàÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñîñòîÿíèåì.

    3. Ýòî ïîíÿòèå, êàê îíî îïðåäåëåíî, íå

ïðèìåíÿþò ê îáîðóäîâàíèþ, ñîñòîÿùåìó òîëüêî èç

ïðîãðàììíûõ ñðåäñòâ (ñì. ÌÝÊ 60050-191 [9]).

    4. Íà ïðàêòèêå òåðìèíû "îòêàç" è

"íåèñïðàâíîñòü" ÷àñòî èñïîëüçóþò êàê ñèíîíèìû.

 

    (Ñì. 3.23 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.53. ÍÅÈÑÏÐÀÂÍÎÑÒÜ: Ñîñòîÿíèå îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, de  Fehler

õàðàêòåðèçóåìîå åãî íåñïîñîáíîñòüþ âûïîëíÿòü     en  fault

òðåáóåìóþ ôóíêöèþ, èñêëþ÷àÿ ïðîôèëàêòè÷åñêîå     fr  defaut

îáñëóæèâàíèå èëè äðóãèå ïëàíîâî-

ïðåäóïðåäèòåëüíûå äåéñòâèÿ, à òàêæå èñêëþ÷àÿ

íåñïîñîáíîñòü âûïîëíÿòü òðåáóåìóþ ôóíêöèþ èç-çà

íåäîñòàòêà âíåøíèõ ðåñóðñîâ.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Íåèñïðàâíîñòü ÷àñòî ÿâëÿåòñÿ

ñëåäñòâèåì îòêàçà ñàìîãî îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, íî ìîæåò

ñóùåñòâîâàòü è áåç ïðåäâàðèòåëüíîãî îòêàçà.

 

    (Ñì. 3.24 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.54. ÊÎÑÂÅÍÍÛÉ ÊÎÍÒÀÊÒ: Êîíòàêò ëþäåé èëè   de  indirekters Beruhren

äîìàøíèõ æèâîòíûõ è ñêîòà ñ îòêðûòûìè            en  indirect contact

òîêîïðîâîäÿùèìè ÷àñòÿìè, êîòîðûå îêàçàëèñü ïîä   fr  contact indirect

íàïðÿæåíèåì â ðåçóëüòàòå íåèñïðàâíîñòè

(ñì. [7]).

    (Ñì. 3.27 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.55. ÍÀÕÎÄßÙÀßÑß ÏÎÄ ÍÀÏÐßÆÅÍÈÅÌ ×ÀÑÒÜ:     de  aktives Teil

Ïðîâîä èëè òîêîïðîâîäÿùàÿ ÷àñòü, íàõîäÿùàÿñÿ     en  live part

ïîä íàïðÿæåíèåì ïðè íîðìàëüíîé ðàáîòå, à òàêæå   fr  partie active

íóëåâîé ïðîâîä, çà èñêëþ÷åíèåì, ïðè îïðåäåëåííûõ

óñëîâèÿõ, PEN-ïðîâîäà (ñîâìåùåííûé íóëåâîé

ðàáî÷èé è çàùèòíûé ïðîâîä).

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ïîä ýòèì òåðìèíîì íåîáÿçàòåëüíî

ïîíèìàþò ðèñê îò óäàðà ýëåêòðè÷åñêèì òîêîì

(ñì. [7]).

 

    (Ñì. 3.31 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.56. ÈÑÏÎËÍÈÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÌÅÕÀÍÈÇÌ ÌÀØÈÍÛ:        de  Maschinen-

Ñèëîâîé ìåõàíèçì, èñïîëüçóåìûé äëÿ ïðèâåäåíèÿ        Antriebselement

ìàøèíû â äâèæåíèå.                               en  machine actuator

    (Ñì. 3.32 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).                   fr  actionneur

 

    3.57. ÍÓËÅÂÎÉ ÏÐÎÂÎÄ (N): Ïðîâîä,            de  Neutralleiter (N)

ñîåäèíåííûé ñ íåéòðàëüíîé (íóëåâîé) òî÷êîé       en  neutral conductor (N)

ñåòè è îáëàäàþùèé âîçìîæíîñòüþ ïåðåäà÷è          fr  conducteur neutre (N)

ýëåêòðè÷åñêîé ýíåðãèè (ñì. [7]).

    (Ñì. 3.35 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.58. ÑÂÅÐÕÒÎÊ: Ëþáîé òîê, çíà÷åíèå êîòîðîãî de  Uberstrom

ïðåâûøàåò íîìèíàëüíîå. Äëÿ ïðîâîäîâ íîìèíàëüíûì  en  overcurrent

çíà÷åíèåì òîêà ÿâëÿåòñÿ çíà÷åíèå ïðåäåëüíî       fr  surintensite

äîïóñòèìîãî òîêà (ñì. [7]).

    (Ñì. 3.37 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.59. ÏÅÐÅÃÐÓÇÊÀ ÖÅÏÈ: Îòíîøåíèå             de  Uberlast eines

âðåìÿ/ýëåêòðè÷åñêèé òîê äëÿ öåïè, â êîòîðîé          Stromkreises

ïðåâûøåíà ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ äîïóñòèìàÿ íàãðóçêà,      en  overload of a circuit

êîãäà öåïü íàõîäèòñÿ â èñïðàâíîì ñîñòîÿíèè.      fr  surcharge d'un circuit

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Íå ñëåäóåò èñïîëüçîâàòü òåðìèí

"ïåðåãðóçêà" êàê ñèíîíèì òåðìèíà "ñâåðõòîê".

 

    (Ñì. 3.38 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.60. ÑÈËÎÂÀß ÖÅÏÜ: Öåïü, ïåðåäàþùàÿ ýíåðãèþ de  Hauptstromkreis

îò ñåòè ê ýëåìåíòàì îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, èñïîëüçóåìûì   en  power circuit

äëÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâåííûõ îïåðàöèé, à      fr  circuit de puissance

òàêæå ê òðàíñôîðìàòîðàì, ïèòàþùèì öåïè

óïðàâëåíèÿ.

    (Ñì. 3.41 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.61. ÖÅÏÜ ÇÀÙÈÒÛ: Ñîâîêóïíîñòü çàùèòíûõ     de  Schutzleitersystem

ïðîâîäîâ è òîêîïðîâîäÿùèõ ÷àñòåé, èñïîëüçóåìûõ   en  protective bonding

äëÿ çàùèòû îò ïîðàæåíèÿ ýëåêòðè÷åñêèì òîêîì â        circuit

ñëó÷àå ïîâðåæäåíèÿ èçîëÿöèè.                     fr  circuit de protection

    (Ñì. 3.42 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.62. ÇÀÙÈÒÍÛÉ ÏÐÎÂÎÄ: Ïðîâîä, íåîáõîäèìûé â de  Schutzleiter

îïðåäåëåííîé ìåðå â êà÷åñòâå çàùèòíîãî ñðåäñòâà  en  protective conductor

îò ïîðàæåíèÿ ýëåêòðè÷åñêèì òîêîì è               fr  conducteur de

ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûé äëÿ ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî ñîåäèíåíèÿ        protection

ëþáûõ ñëåäóþùèõ ÷àñòåé:

    - îòêðûòûõ òîêîïðîâîäÿùèõ ÷àñòåé;

    - âíåøíèõ òîêîïðîâîäÿùèõ ÷àñòåé;

    - îñíîâíîãî çàæèìà çàçåìëåíèÿ (ñì. [7]).

    (Ñì. 3.43 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.63. ÐÅÇÅÐÂÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ: Ïðèìåíåíèå             de  Redundanz

äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ óñòðîéñòâ è ñèñòåì èëè ýëåìåíòîâ  en  redundancy

óñòðîéñòâ è ñèñòåì îáîðóäîâàíèÿ äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû, fr  redondance

â ñëó÷àå îòêàçà îäíîãî èç íèõ âûïîëíÿòü

òðåáóåìóþ ôóíêöèþ, â ðàñïîðÿæåíèè èìåëîñü äðóãîå

óñòðîéñòâî (èëè ýëåìåíò óñòðîéñòâà), ãîòîâîå

âûïîëíÿòü ýòó ôóíêöèþ.

    (Ñì. 3.44 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.64. ÊÎÌÌÓÒÀÖÈÎÍÍÎÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ: Óñòðîéñòâî, de  Schaltgerat

ïðåäíàçíà÷åííîå äëÿ îáåñïå÷åíèÿ èëè ïðåðûâàíèÿ   en  switching device

ïîäà÷è ýëåêòðè÷åñêîãî òîêà â ýëåêòðè÷åñêèå öåïè  fr  appareil de connexion

(ñì. [5]).

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Êîììóòàöèîííîå óñòðîéñòâî

ìîæåò âûïîëíÿòü îäíó èëè îáå ýòè ôóíêöèè.

 

    (Ñì. 3.54 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.65. ÍÅÊÎÍÒÐÎËÈÐÓÅÌÛÉ ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂ: Îñòàíîâ      de  ungesteuertes

äâèæåíèÿ ìàøèíû â ðåçóëüòàòå îòêëþ÷åíèÿ ïîäà÷è       Stillsetzen

ýëåêòðîýíåðãèè íà èñïîëíèòåëüíûå ìåõàíèçìû       en  uncontrolled stop

ìàøèíû, â òî âðåìÿ êàê âñå òîðìîçà è             fr  arret non controle

ìåõàíè÷åñêèå óñòðîéñòâà îñòàíîâà àêòèâèçèðîâàíû.

    (Ñì. 3.56 ÅÍ 60204-1 [6]).

 

    3.66. ÏÓÑÊ ÌÀØÈÍÛ: Ïåðåõîä ìàøèíû èëè îäíîé  de  Maschinen-Anlauf

èç åå ÷àñòåé èç ñîñòîÿíèÿ ïîêîÿ â ñîñòîÿíèå      en  machine start-up

äâèæåíèÿ.                                        fr  d'une machine

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ýòî îïðåäåëåíèå âêëþ÷àåò â

ñåáÿ, ïîìèìî ïîíÿòèÿ ôóíêöèè äâèæåíèÿ, è äðóãèå

ôóíêöèè, íàïðèìåð, âêëþ÷åíèå ëàçåðíîãî ëó÷à.

 

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÅÍ 1037 [10]).

 

    3.67. ÍÅÎÆÈÄÀÍÍÛÉ ÏÓÑÊ: Ëþáîé ïóñê,          de  unerwarteter Anlauf

âûçâàííûé:                                       en  unexpected start-up

    - êîìàíäîé íà ïóñê, êîòîðàÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ         fr  mise en marche

ðåçóëüòàòîì îòêàçà â ñèñòåìå óïðàâëåíèÿ èëè          intempestive

âíåøíåãî âîçäåéñòâèÿ íà íåå;

    - êîìàíäîé íà ïóñê, ÿâëÿþùåéñÿ ðåçóëüòàòîì

íåñâîåâðåìåííîãî âîçäåéñòâèÿ íà ïóñêîâîå

óñòðîéñòâî èëè ÷àñòè ìàøèíû, íàïðèìåð, íà

äàò÷èêè èëè íà ýëåìåíò ñèñòåìû ñèëîâîãî

óïðàâëåíèÿ;

    - âîññòàíîâëåíèåì ýíåðãîñíàáæåíèÿ ïîñëå

ðàçðûâà â öåïè;

    - âíóòðåííèì/âíåøíèì âîçäåéñòâèåì íà ÷àñòè

ìàøèíû (ñèëîé òÿæåñòè, âåòðîì,

ñàìîâîñïëàìåíåíèåì â äâèãàòåëÿõ âíóòðåííåãî

ñãîðàíèÿ).

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé ïóñê ìàøèíû ïðè

íîðìàëüíîé ýêñïëóàòàöèè íå ÿâëÿåòñÿ

íåïðåäíàìåðåííûì, íî, ñ òî÷êè çðåíèÿ îïåðàòîðà,

ìîæåò áûòü ïîíÿò êàê íåîæèäàííûé. Ïðåäîòâðàùåíèå

àâàðèé â ýòîì ñëó÷àå ïîäðàçóìåâàåò ïðèìåíåíèå

òåõíè÷åñêèõ ìåð çàùèòû (ñì. ðàçäåë 4 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ

12100-2 [2]).

 

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÅÍ 1037 [10]).

 

    3.68. ÎÒÊËÞ×ÅÍÈÅ È ÐÀÑÑÅßÍÈÅ ÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ:        de  Energietrennung

Ïðîöåäóðà, êîòîðàÿ ñîñòîèò èç ÷åòûðåõ ñëåäóþùèõ      und-ableitung

äåéñòâèé:                                        en  isolation and energy

    à) îòêëþ÷åíèÿ (îòñîåäèíåíèÿ, îòäåëåíèÿ)          dissipation

ìàøèíû (èëè åå ÷àñòåé) îò âñåõ èñòî÷íèêîâ        fr  consignation

ýíåðãîñíàáæåíèÿ;

    á) â ñëó÷àå íåîáõîäèìîñòè (íàïðèìåð, íà

áîëüøèõ ìàøèíàõ èëè óñòàíîâêàõ) - áëîêèðîâàíèÿ

(èëè íàäåæíîãî çàêðåïëåíèÿ èíûì ïóòåì) âñåõ

óñòðîéñòâ îòêëþ÷åíèÿ â îòêëþ÷åííîì ñîñòîÿíèè;

    â) ðàññåÿíèÿ èëè îãðàíè÷åíèÿ ëþáîé

íàêîïëåííîé ýíåðãèè, êîòîðàÿ ìîæåò âûçûâàòü

îïàñíîñòü.

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Ýíåðãèÿ ìîæåò áûòü íàêîïëåííîé:

    - ìåõàíè÷åñêèìè ÷àñòÿìè, ïðîäîëæàþùèìè

äâèãàòüñÿ ïî èíåðöèè;

    - ìåõàíè÷åñêèìè ÷àñòÿìè, ñïîñîáíûìè

äâèãàòüñÿ ïîä äåéñòâèåì ñèëû òÿæåñòè;

    - êîíäåíñàòîðàìè, àêêóìóëÿòîðàìè;

    - æèäêîñòÿìè ïîä äàâëåíèåì;

    - ïðóæèíàìè;

 

   ã) ïðîâåðêè äåéñòâåííîñòè ìåð, óïîìÿíóòûõ â

ïåðå÷èñëåíèÿõ à), á) è â), ïóòåì ïðèìåíåíèÿ

áåçîïàñíûõ ìåòîäîâ ýêñïëóàòàöèè.

    (Ñì. 3.3 ÅÍ 1037 [10]).

 

    3.69. ÁËÎÊÈÐÓÞÙÅÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ: Ìåõàíè÷åñêîå,  de  Verriegelungseinrich-

ýëåêòðè÷åñêîå èëè äðóãîå óñòðîéñòâî, êîòîðîå         tung

ïðè îïðåäåëåííûõ óñëîâèÿõ ïðåïÿòñòâóåò           en  interlocking device

ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèþ ýëåìåíòîâ ìàøèíû (îáû÷íî äî     fr  dispositif de

òåõ ïîð, ïîêà çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå íå çàêðûòî).       verrouillage

    (Ñì. 3.23.1 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1,

3.1 ÅÍ 1088 [11].)

 

    3.70. ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ Ñ ÁËÎÊÈÐÎÂÊÎÉ:     de  verriegelte trennende

Çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå, ïðèíöèï äåéñòâèÿ êîòîðîãî       Schutzeinrichtung

çàêëþ÷àåòñÿ â ñëåäóþùåì:                         en  interlocking guard

    - îïàñíûå ôóíêöèè ìàøèíû, "áëîêèðóåìûå"      fr  protecteur avec

ýòèì çàùèòíûì îãðàæäåíèåì, íå ìîãóò áûòü             dispositif de

îñóùåñòâëåíû äî òåõ ïîð, ïîêà íå áóäåò çàêðûòî       verrouillage

çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå;

    - åñëè çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå îòêðûòî ïðè

îñóùåñòâëåíèè îïàñíûõ ôóíêöèé ìàøèíû, òî

ïîäàåòñÿ ñèãíàë íà åå îñòàíîâ;

    - åñëè çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå çàêðûòî, òî

îïàñíûå ôóíêöèè ìàøèíû, "áëîêèðóåìûå" ýòèì

çàùèòíûì îãðàæäåíèåì, ìîãóò áûòü îñóùåñòâëåíû,

îäíàêî çàêðûòèå çàùèòíîãî îãðàæäåíèÿ ñàìî ïî

ñåáå íå ïðèâîäèò ê ïðîÿâëåíèþ îïàñíûõ ôóíêöèé

ìàøèíû.

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÅÍ 1088 [11]).

 

    3.71. ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ Ñ ÁËÎÊÈÐÎÂÊÎÉ È    de  verriegelte trennende

ÔÈÊÑÀÖÈÅÉ: Çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå, ïðèíöèï              Schutzeinrichtung mit

äåéñòâèÿ êîòîðîãî çàêëþ÷àåòñÿ â ñëåäóþùåì:           Zuhaltung

    - îïàñíûå ôóíêöèè ìàøèíû, "áëîêèðóåìûå"      en  interlocking guard

ýòèì çàùèòíûì îãðàæäåíèåì, íå ìîãóò áûòü             with guard locking

îñóùåñòâëåíû, åñëè óêàçàííîå çàùèòíîå            fr  protecteur avec

îãðàæäåíèå íå çàêðûòî è íå çàôèêñèðîâàíî;            dispositif

    - óêàçàííîå çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå îñòàåòñÿ         d'interverrouillage

çàêðûòûì è çàáëîêèðîâàííûì äî òåõ ïîð, ïîêà íå

áóäåò èñêëþ÷åíà îïàñíîñòü òðàâìèðîâàíèÿ,

èñõîäÿùàÿ îò îïàñíûõ ôóíêöèé ìàøèíû;

    - åñëè óêàçàííîå çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå çàêðûòî

è çàáëîêèðîâàíî, òî îïàñíûå ôóíêöèè ìàøèíû,

"áëîêèðóåìûå" ýòèì çàùèòíûì îãðàæäåíèåì, ìîãóò

áûòü îñóùåñòâëåíû, îäíàêî ñàìè ïî ñåáå çàêðûòèå

è áëîêèðîâàíèå çàùèòíîãî îãðàæäåíèÿ íå ïðèâîäÿò

ê ïðîÿâëåíèþ îïàñíûõ ôóíêöèé ìàøèíû.

    (Ñì. 3.3 ÅÍ 1088 [11]).

 

    3.72. ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÇÀÏÈÐÀÞÙÅÅ ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ:        de  Zuhaltung

Óñòðîéñòâî, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííîå óäåðæèâàòü çàùèòíîå  en  guard locking device

îãðàæäåíèå â çàêðûòîì ïîëîæåíèè è ñâÿçàííîå ñ    fr  dispositif de blocage

ñèñòåìîé óïðàâëåíèÿ, ïðè ïðèìåíåíèè êîòîðîãî:        du protecteur

    - ìàøèíà íå ìîæåò ôóíêöèîíèðîâàòü, åñëè

çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå íå çàêðûòî è íå

çàôèêñèðîâàíî;

    - çàùèòíîå îãðàæäåíèå îñòàåòñÿ â

çàôèêñèðîâàííîì ñîñòîÿíèè äî òåõ ïîð, ïîêà íå

ìèíóåò óãðîçà ðèñêà.

    (Ñì. 3.4 ÅÍ 1088 [11]).

 

    3.73. ÏÐÈÍÓÄÈÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÐÅÆÈÌ ÏÐÈÂÅÄÅÍÈß Â      de  zwanglaufige

ÄÅÉÑÒÂÈÅ: Ðåæèì ïðèâåäåíèÿ â äåéñòâèå, ïðè           Betatigung

êîòîðîì äâèæóùååñÿ ìåõàíè÷åñêîå óñòðîéñòâî       en  positive mode

âìåñòå ñ ñîáîé ïðèâîäèò â äâèæåíèå äðóãîå            actuation

óñòðîéñòâî ëèáî ïóòåì íåïîñðåäñòâåííîãî          fr  action mecanique

êîíòàêòà ñ íèì, ëèáî ÷åðåç æåñòêî çàêðåïëåííûå       positive

ýëåìåíòû. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, âòîðîå óñòðîéñòâî

áóäåò ïðèâåäåíî â äâèæåíèå â ïðèíóäèòåëüíîì

ðåæèìå (èëè ïðèíóäèòåëüíî) ïåðâûì óñòðîéñòâîì.

    (Ñì. 3.6 ÅÍ 1088 [11]).

 

    3.74. ÏÐÈÍÓÄÈÒÅËÜÍÎÅ ÎÒÊËÞ×ÅÍÈÅ ÊÎÍÒÀÊÒÍÎÃΠ de  Zwangsoffnung eines

ÝËÅÌÅÍÒÀ: Îïåðàöèÿ ðàçìûêàíèÿ êîíòàêòîâ,             Kontaktelementes

ÿâëÿþùàÿñÿ íåïîñðåäñòâåííûì ðåçóëüòàòîì          en  positive opening

çàäàííîãî äâèæåíèÿ ïåðåêëþ÷àòåëÿ,                    operation of a contact

âîçäåéñòâóþùåãî íà êîíòàêòû ÷åðåç íåóïðóãèå          element

ýëåìåíòû (íàïðèìåð, áåç ïðóæèí) (ñì. [12]).      fr  manoeuvre positive

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Äëÿ ãèäðàâëè÷åñêîé è                d'ouverture d'un

ïíåâìàòè÷åñêîé ñèñòåì ýêâèâàëåíòíûì ïîíÿòèåì         element de contact

ìîæåò ñëóæèòü ïîíÿòèå "ïðåðûâàíèå â

ïðèíóäèòåëüíîì ðåæèìå".

 

    (Ñì. 3.7 ÅÍ 1088 [11]).

 

    3.75. ÂÐÅÌß ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂÀ: Èíòåðâàë âðåìåíè ìåæäó de  Zeit bis zum Aufheben

ìîìåíòîì, êîãäà áëîêèðóþùåå óñòðîéñòâî ââîäèò        der Gefahrdung

êîìàíäó íà îñòàíîâ, è ìîìåíòîì, êîãäà óãðîçà     en  stopping time

ðèñêà, èñõîäÿùåãî îò îïàñíûõ ôóíêöèé ìàøèíû,     fr  temps de mise

ìèíîâàëà.                                            a 1'arret

    (Ñì. 3.8 ÅÍ 1088 [11]).

 

    3.76. ÂÐÅÌß ÄÎÑÒÓÏÀ Â ÎÏÀÑÍÓÞ ÇÎÍÓ: Âðåìÿ,   de  Zeit fur den Zugang

çàòðà÷åííîå äëÿ äîñòóïà ê îïàñíûì ÷àñòÿì ìàøèíû      bzw. Zugriff zum

ïîñëå êîìàíäû "îñòàíîâ", ïîäàííîé áëîêèðóþùèì        Gefahrbereich

óñòðîéñòâîì, è ðàññ÷èòûâàåìîå íà îñíîâå ñêîðîñòè en  time for access to a

ïðèáëèæåíèÿ ÷åëîâåêà, çíà÷åíèå êîòîðîé ìîæåò         danger zone

áûòü âûáðàíî äëÿ êàæäîãî êîíêðåòíîãî ñëó÷àÿ ñ    fr  temps d'acces a la

ó÷åòîì ïàðàìåòðîâ, ïðèâåäåííûõ â ÅÍ 999 [13].        zone dangereuse

    (Ñì. 3.9 ÅÍ 1088 [11]).

 

    3.77. ÇÎÍÀ ÐÀÇÄÀÂËÈÂÀÍÈß: Çîíà, â êîòîðîé    de  Quetschstelle

òåëî ÷åëîâåêà èëè åãî ÷àñòè ïîäâåðãàþòñÿ         en  crushing zone

îïàñíîñòè ðàçäàâëèâàíèÿ. Òàêàÿ îïàñíîñòü ìîæåò   fr  zone d'ecrasement

âîçíèêíóòü, åñëè:

    - äâå ïîäâèæíûå ÷àñòè ìàøèíû äâèãàþòñÿ

íàâñòðå÷ó äðóã äðóãó;

    - îäíà ïîäâèæíàÿ ÷àñòü äâèãàåòñÿ ïî

íàïðàâëåíèþ ê íåïîäâèæíîé ÷àñòè.

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÅÍ 349 [14]).

 

    3.78. ÎÏÀÑÍÎÅ ÂÅÙÅÑÒÂÎ: Ëþáîé õèìè÷åñêèé èëè de  Gefahrstoff

áèîëîãè÷åñêèé àãåíò, êîòîðûé ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé  en  hazardous substance

îïàñíîñòü äëÿ çäîðîâüÿ ÷åëîâåêà, íàïðèìåð,       fr  substance dangereuse

âåùåñòâà èëè ñîñòàâû, êëàññèôèöèðîâàííûå êàê:

    - î÷åíü òîêñè÷íûå;

    - òîêñè÷íûå;

    - âðåäíûå;

    - êîððîçèéíûå;

    - ðàçäðàæàþùèå;

    - ñåíñèáèëèçèðóþùèå;

    - êàíöåðîãåííûå;

    - ìóòàãåííûå;

    - òåðàòîãåííûå;

    - ïàòîãåííûå;

    - óäóøàþùèå.

    (Ñì. ðàçäåë 3 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ 14123-1 [15]).

 

    3.79. ÎÑÍÎÂÍÎÉ ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒ ÏÎ ÓÐÎÂÍÞ ØÓÌÀ:      de  Gerauschemissions-

Ñòàíäàðò, êîòîðûé óñòàíàâëèâàåò ìåòîä èçìåðåíèÿ      Grundnorm

óðîâíÿ øóìà, èñõîäÿùåãî îò ìàøèí è îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, en  basic noise emission

òàêèì îáðàçîì, ÷òîáû ïîëó÷èòü íàäåæíûå,              standard

âîñïðîèçâîäèìûå ðåçóëüòàòû ñ çàäàííîé ñòåïåíüþ   fr  norme de base sur

òî÷íîñòè (ñòàíäàðò òèïà Â).                          1'emission sonore

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÅÍ ÈÑÎ 12001 [16]).

 

    3.80. ÍÎÐÌÛ (È ÌÅÒÎÄÛ) ÈÇÌÅÐÅÍÈß ØÓÌÀ:       de  Gerauschmessnorm

Ñòàíäàðò, êîòîðûé ïðèìåíÿþò ê êîíêðåòíîìó        en  noise test code

êëàññó, ñåìåéñòâó èëè òèïó ìàøèí èëè             fr  code d'essal

îáîðóäîâàíèÿ è êîòîðûé óñòàíàâëèâàåò âñå             acoustique

çíà÷èìûå äàííûå, íåîáõîäèìûå äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû

ýôôåêòèâíî îñóùåñòâëÿòü îïðåäåëåíèå,

äåêëàðèðîâàíèå è ïðîâåðêó øóìîâûõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê

â òðåáóåìûõ (ýòèì ñòàíäàðòîì) óñëîâèÿõ (ñòàíäàðò

òèïà Ñ).

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÅÍ ÈÑÎ 12001 [16]).

 

    3.81. ÇÂÓÊÎÂÎÅ ÄÀÂËÅÍÈÅ (P): Çâóêîâîå        de  Emissions-Schalldruck

äàâëåíèå â çàäàííîé òî÷êå ðÿäîì ñ èñòî÷íèêîì         (p)

øóìà, êîãäà èñòî÷íèê ðàáîòàåò â òèïîâûõ          en  emission sound

óñëîâèÿõ ýêñïëóàòàöèè è ìîíòàæà íà ïîâåðõíîñòè       pressure (p)

çâóêîîòðàæàþùåé ïëîñêîñòè, èñêëþ÷àÿ âîçäåéñòâèå  fr  pression acoustique

ôîíîâîãî øóìà è çâóêîâûõ îòðàæåíèé, êðîìå òåõ        d'emission (p)

âîçäåéñòâèé è çâóêîâûõ îòðàæåíèé, êîòîðûå

èñõîäÿò îò èçìåðèòåëüíîé ïëîñêîñòè èëè

ïëîñêîñòåé, äîïóùåííûõ äëÿ ïðîâåäåíèÿ èñïûòàíèé.

Çâóêîâîå äàâëåíèå âûðàæàþò â ïàñêàëÿõ.

    (Ñì. 3.4 ÅÍ ÈÑÎ 12001 [16]).

 

    3.82. ÇÂÓÊÎÂÀß ÌÎÙÍÎÑÒÜ (W): Çâóêîâàÿ        de  Schalleistung (W)

ýíåðãèÿ, èçëó÷àåìàÿ èñòî÷íèêîì çâóêà â           en  sound power (W)

âîçäóøíîé ñðåäå â åäèíèöó âðåìåíè. Çâóêîâóþ      fr  puissance acoustique

ìîùíîñòü âûðàæàþò â âàòòàõ.                          (W)

    (Ñì. 3.7 ÅÍ ÈÑÎ 12001 [16]).

 

    3.83. ÄÅÊËÀÐÀÖÈß ÎÁ ÓÐÎÂÍÅ ØÓÌÀ: Èíôîðìàöèÿ  de  Gerauschemission-

î øóìå, èçäàâàåìîì ìàøèíîé, ïðåäñòàâëåííàÿ â         sangabe

íîðìàòèâíûõ äîêóìåíòàõ èçãîòîâèòåëÿ èëè          en  noise emission

ïîñòàâùèêà, ñîäåðæàùàÿ ñâåäåíèÿ îá óðîâíå øóìà.      declaration

Äåêëàðàöèÿ îá óðîâíå øóìà ìîæåò áûòü             fr  declaration de

ïðåäñòàâëåíà ëèáî â âèäå çàÿâëåííîãî ñóììàðíîãî      l'emission sonore

çíà÷åíèÿ èçëó÷åíèÿ øóìà, ëèáî â âèäå çàÿâëåííîãî

ñïåêòðàëüíîãî çíà÷åíèÿ èçëó÷åíèÿ øóìà.

    (Ñì. 3.11 ÅÍ ÈÑÎ 12001 [16]).

 

    3.84. ÎÒÊÀÇ ÏÎ ÎÁÙÅÉ ÏÐÈ×ÈÍÅ: Îòêàç          de  Ausfalle infolge

îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, âûòåêàþùèé èç åäèíè÷íîãî ñîáûòèÿ,      gemeinsamer Ursache

â òåõ ñëó÷àÿõ, êîãäà ýòîò îòêàç íå ÿâëÿåòñÿ      en  common cause failure

ñëåäñòâèåì äðóãîãî îòêàçà.                       fr  defaillances de cause

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Îòêàç ïî îáùåé ïðè÷èíå íå           commune

ñëåäóåò ñìåøèâàòü ñ âçàèìîñâÿçàííûì îòêàçîì.

 

    (Ñì. ÌÝÊ 60050-191 [9]).

 

    3.85. ÂÇÀÈÌÎÑÂßÇÀÍÍÛÉ ÎÒÊÀÇ: Îòêàç           de  gleichartige Ausfalle

îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, õàðàêòåðèçóåìûé îäèíàêîâûì âèäîì   en  common mode failure

íåèñïðàâíîñòè.                                   fr  defaillances de mode

    Ïðèìå÷àíèå - Âçàèìîñâÿçàííûé îòêàç íå            commun

ñëåäóåò ïóòàòü ñ îòêàçîì ïî îáùåé ïðè÷èíå,

ïîñêîëüêó âçàèìîñâÿçàííûå îòêàçû ìîãóò âûòåêàòü

èç ðàçëè÷íûõ ïðè÷èí.

 

    (Ñì. ÌÝÊ 60050-191 [9]).

 

    3.86. ÄÅÃÐÀÄÈÐÓÞÙÅÅ ÑÎÑÒÎßÍÈÅ: Ñîñòîÿíèå     de  Zustand

îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, ïðè êîòîðîì îíî ïðîäîëæàåò             eingeschrankter

âûïîëíÿòü ñâîè ôóíêöèè â ïðåäåëàõ íèæå               Brauchbarkeit

íîìèíàëüíûõ çíà÷åíèé èëè ïðîäîëæàåò âûïîëíÿòü    en  degraded state

òîëüêî ÷àñòü ñâîèõ ôóíêöèé.                      fr  fonctionnement en mode

    (Ñì. ÌÝÊ 60050-191 [9]).                         degrade

 

    3.87. ÂÐÅÄ: Ôèçè÷åñêèå òðàâìû è (èëè)        de  Schaden

íàíåñåíèå äðóãîãî âðåäà çäîðîâüþ èëè èìóùåñòâó   en  harm

(ñì. 3.4 [17]).                                  fr  dommage

    (Ñì. 3.1 ÅÍ 1050 [18]).

 

    3.88. ÎÏÀÑÍÎÅ ÑÎÁÛÒÈÅ: Ñîáûòèå, êîòîðîå      de  Gefahrdungsereignis

ìîæåò ïðè÷èíèòü âðåä.                            en  hazardous event

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÅÍ 1050 [18]).                      fr  evenement dangereux

 

    3.89. ÌÅÐÛ ÏÎ ÎÁÅÑÏÅ×ÅÍÈÞ ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÈ:      de  Schutzmassnahme

Äåéñòâèÿ ïî óñòðàíåíèþ îïàñíîñòè èëè ñíèæåíèþ    en  safety measure

ðèñêà (ñì. ðàçäåë 5 ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-1).        fr  mesure de securite

    (Ñì. 3.3 ÅÍ 1050 [18]).

 

    3.90. ÎÑÒÀÒÎ×ÍÛÉ ÐÈÑÊ: Ðèñê, îñòàþùèéñÿ      de  Restrisiko

ïîñëå ïðèíÿòèÿ ìåð, íàïðàâëåííûõ íà îáåñïå÷åíèå  en  residual risk

áåçîïàñíîñòè.                                    fr  risque residuel

    (Ñì. 3.3 ÅÍ 1050 [18]).

 

    3.91. ÊÀÒÅÃÎÐÈß: Êëàññèôèêàöèÿ ýëåìåíòîâ     de  Kategorie

ñèñòåìû óïðàâëåíèÿ, ñâÿçàííûõ ñ îáåñïå÷åíèåì     en  category

áåçîïàñíîñòè, ïî èõ óñòîé÷èâîñòè ê               fr  categorie

íåèñïðàâíîñòÿì è ïîñëåäóþùåìó ïîâåäåíèþ ïðè

íåèñïðàâíîì ñîñòîÿíèè, äîñòèãàåìàÿ ñòðóêòóðíûì

ïîñòðîåíèåì óêàçàííûõ ýëåìåíòîâ è (èëè)

îïðåäåëÿåìàÿ èõ íàäåæíîñòüþ.

    (Ñì. 3.2 ÅÍ 954-1 [19]).

 

    3.92. ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÜ ÑÈÑÒÅÌ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß:        de  Sicherheit von

Ñïîñîáíîñòü ýëåìåíòîâ ñèñòåìû óïðàâëåíèÿ,            Steuerungen

ñâÿçàííûõ ñ îáåñïå÷åíèåì áåçîïàñíîñòè, âûïîëíÿòü en  safety of control

ôóíêöèè áåçîïàñíîñòè ñèñòåì óïðàâëåíèÿ â òå÷åíèå     systems

óñòàíîâëåííîãî ñðîêà â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ èõ         fr  securite des systemes

çàäàííîé êàòåãîðèåé.                                 de commando

    (Ñì. 3.3 ÅÍ 954-1 [19]).

 

    3.93. ÔÓÍÊÖÈß ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÈ ÑÈÑÒÅÌ            de  Sicherheitsfunktion

ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß: Ôóíêöèÿ, âêëþ÷àåìàÿ âõîäíûì ñèãíàëîì     von Steuerungen

è îáðàáàòûâàåìàÿ ýëåìåíòàìè ñèñòåìû óïðàâëåíèÿ,  en  safety function of

ñâÿçàííûìè ñ îáåñïå÷åíèåì áåçîïàñíîñòè, è            control systems

íåîáõîäèìàÿ äëÿ äîñòèæåíèÿ áåçîïàñíîãî ñîñòîÿíèÿ fr  fonction de securite

ìàøèíû (êàê ñèñòåìû).                                des systemes de

    (Ñì. 3.6 ÅÍ 954-1 [19]).                         commande

 

   3.94. ÏÐÈÎÑÒÀÍÎÂÊÀ: Âðåìåííîå àâòîìàòè÷åñêîå  de  Muting

ïðåêðàùåíèå âûïîëíåíèÿ ôóíêöèè áåçîïàñíîñòè      en  muting

ýëåìåíòàìè ñèñòåìû óïðàâëåíèÿ, ñâÿçàííûìè ñ      fr  inhibition

îáåñïå÷åíèåì áåçîïàñíîñòè.

    (Ñì. 3.7 ÅÍ 954-1 [19]).

 

    3.95. ÂÎÇÂÐÀÒ Â ÈÑÕÎÄÍÎÅ ÏÎËÎÆÅÍÈÅ ÂÐÓ×ÍÓÞ:  de  manuelle Ruckstellung

Ôóíêöèÿ, ñâîéñòâåííàÿ ýëåìåíòàì ñèñòåìû          en  manual reset

óïðàâëåíèÿ, ñâÿçàííûì ñ îáåñïå÷åíèåì             fr  rearmement manuel

áåçîïàñíîñòè, è íåîáõîäèìàÿ äëÿ âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ

âðó÷íóþ çàäàííûõ ôóíêöèé áåçîïàñíîñòè äî

ïîâòîðíîãî ïóñêà ìàøèíû.

    (Ñì. 3.8 ÅÍ 954-1 [19]).

 

              Àëôàâèòíûé óêàçàòåëü òåðìèíîâ íà ðóññêîì ÿçûêå

 

ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÜ ÌÀØÈÍÛ                                                    3.7

ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÜ ÑÈÑÒÅÌ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß                                         3.92

ÂÅÙÅÑÒÂÎ ÎÏÀÑÍÎÅ                                                       3.78

ÂÎÇÂÐÀÒ Â ÈÑÕÎÄÍÎÅ ÏÎËÎÆÅÍÈÅ ÂÐÓ×ÍÓÞ                                   3.95

ÂÐÅÄ                                                                   3.87

ÂÐÅÌß ÄÎÑÒÓÏÀ Â ÎÏÀÑÍÓÞ ÇÎÍÓ                                           3.76

ÂÐÅÌß ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂÀ                                                         3.75

ÄÀÂËÅÍÈÅ ÇÂÓÊÎÂÎÅ (P)                                                  3.81

ÄÅÊËÀÐÀÖÈß ÎÁ ÓÐÎÂÍÅ ØÓÌÀ                                              3.83

ÇÎÍÀ ÎÏÀÑÍÀß                                                           3.13

ÇÎÍÀ ÐÀÇÄÀÂËÈÂÀÍÈß                                                     3.77

ÈÍÔÎÐÌÀÖÈß ÄËß ÏÎÒÐÅÁÈÒÅËß                                             3.22

ÈÑÏÎËÜÇÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÌÀØÈÍÛ ÏÐÅÄÍÀÇÍÀ×ÅÍÍÎÅ                                   3.15

ÊÀÒÅÃÎÐÈß                                                              3.91

ÊÎÍÑÒÐÓÊÖÈß ÇÀÙÈÒÍÀß                                                   3.38

ÊÎÍÑÒÐÓÊÖÈß ÌÀØÈÍÛ                                                     3.14

ÊÎÍÒÀÊÒ ÊÎÑÂÅÍÍÛÉ                                                      3.54

ÊÎÍÒÀÊÒ ÏÐßÌÎÉ                                                         3.47

ÊÎÍÒÐÎËÜ ÀÂÒÎÌÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ                                                3.18

ÌÅÐÛ ÇÀÙÈÒÛ ÒÅÕÍÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ                                                3.21

ÌÅÐÛ ÏÎ ÎÁÅÑÏÅ×ÅÍÈÞ ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÈ                                       3.89

ÌÅÕÀÍÈÇÌ ÌÀØÈÍÛ ÈÑÏÎËÍÈÒÅËÜÍÛÉ                                         3.56

ÌÎÙÍÎÑÒÜ ÇÂÓÊÎÂÀß (W)                                                  3.82

ÍÀÄÅÆÍÎÑÒÜ                                                             3.5

ÍÅÈÑÏÐÀÂÍÎÑÒÜ                                                          3.53

ÍÎÐÌÛ (È ÌÅÒÎÄÛ) ÈÇÌÅÐÅÍÈß ØÓÌÀ                                        3.80

ÎÁÎËÎ×ÊÀ                                                               3.48

ÎÁÎÐÓÄÎÂÀÍÈÅ                                                           3.4

ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ                                                    3.24

ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÄËß ÎÃÐÀÍÈ×ÅÍÈß ÄÎÑÒÓÏÀ                            3.37

ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÍÅÏÎÄÂÈÆÍÎÅ                                        3.25

ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÏÎÄÂÈÆÍÎÅ                                          3.26

ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÐÅÃÓËÈÐÓÅÌÎÅ                                       3.27

ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ Ñ ÁËÎÊÈÐÎÂÊÎÉ                                      3.70

ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ Ñ ÁËÎÊÈÐÎÂÊÎÉ È ÔÈÊÑÀÖÈÅÉ                          3.71

ÎÃÐÀÆÄÅÍÈÅ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÓÏÐÀÂËßÅÌÎÅ                                        3.28

ÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÜ                                                              3.8

ÎÏÅÐÀÒÎР                                                              3.23

ÎÐÃÀÍ ÐÓ×ÍÎÃÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß                                               3.42

ÎÐÃÀÍ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß                                                       3.43

ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂ ÀÂÀÐÈÉÍÛÉ                                                      3.40

ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂ ÊÎÍÒÐÎËÈÐÓÅÌÛÉ                                                 3.46

ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂ ÍÅÊÎÍÒÐÎËÈÐÓÅÌÛÉ                                               3.65

ÎÒÊÀÇ                                                                  3.52

ÎÒÊÀÇ, ÂÅÄÓÙÈÉ Ê ÎÏÀÑÍÎÌÓ ÑÎÑÒÎßÍÈÞ                                    3.19

ÎÒÊÀÇ ÂÇÀÈÌÎÑÂßÇÀÍÍÛÉ                                                  3.85

ÎÒÊÀÇ ÏÎ ÎÁÙÅÉ ÏÐÈ×ÈÍÅ                                                 3.84

ÎÒÊËÞ×ÅÍÈÅ È ÐÀÑÑÅßÍÈÅ ÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ                                         3.68

ÎÒÊËÞ×ÅÍÈÅ ÊÎÍÒÀÊÒÍÎÃÎ ÝËÅÌÅÍÒÀ ÏÐÈÍÓÄÈÒÅËÜÍÎÅ                         3.74

ÎÖÅÍÊÀ ÐÈÑÊÀ                                                           3.11

ÏÅÐÅÃÐÓÇÊÀ ÖÅÏÈ                                                        3.59

ÏÐÈÎÑÒÀÍÎÂÊÀ                                                           3.94

ÏÐÎÂÎÄ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÛÉ                                                        3.62

ÏÐÎÂÎÄ ÍÓËÅÂÎÉ (N)                                                     3.57

ÏÓÑÊ ÌÀØÈÍÛ                                                            3.66

ÏÓÑÊ ÍÅÎÆÈÄÀÍÍÛÉ                                                       3.67

ÐÀÑÑÒÎßÍÈÅ ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÅ                                                  3.39

ÐÅÆÈÌ ÏÐÈÂÅÄÅÍÈß Â ÄÅÉÑÒÂÈÅ ÏÐÈÍÓÄÈÒÅËÜÍÛÉ                             3.73

ÐÅÇÅÐÂÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ                                                         3.63

ÐÅÌÎÍÒÎÏÐÈÃÎÄÍÎÑÒÜ ÌÀØÈÍÛ                                              3.6

ÐÈÑÊ                                                                   3.10

ÐÈÑÊ ÎÑÒÀÒÎ×ÍÛÉ                                                        3.90

ÑÂÅÐÕÒÎÊ                                                               3.58

ÑÈÒÓÀÖÈß ÎÏÀÑÍÀß                                                       3.9

ÑÍÈÆÅÍÈÅ ÐÈÑÊÀ ÏÓÒÅÌ ÊÎÍÑÒÐÓÈÐÎÂÀÍÈß                                   3.20

ÑÎÁÛÒÈÅ ÎÏÀÑÍÎÅ                                                        3.88

ÑÎÅÄÈÍÅÍÈÅ ÝÊÂÈÏÎÒÅÍÖÈÀËÜÍÎÅ                                           3.49

ÑÎÑÒÎßÍÈÅ ÄÅÃÐÀÄÈÐÓÞÙÅÅ                                                3.86

ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒ ÏÎ ÓÐÎÂÍÞ ØÓÌÀ ÎÑÍÎÂÍÎÉ                                       3.79

ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÛ ÒÈÏÀ À                                                       3.1

ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÛ ÒÈÏÀ                                                        3.2

ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÛ ÒÈÏÀ Ñ                                                       3.3

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÀ ÀÂÀÐÈÉÍÎÃÎ ÎÑÒÀÍÎÂÀ                                         3.41

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÁËÎÊÈÐÓÞÙÅÅ                                                 3.69

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÂÛÊËÞ×ÀÞÙÅÅ                                                 3.33

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÇÀÙÈÒÍÎÅ ÇÀÏÈÐÀÞÙÅÅ                                         3.72

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÊÎÌÌÓÒÀÖÈÎÍÍÎÅ                                              3.64

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÎÃÐÀÍÈ×ÈÂÀÞÙÅÅ                                              3.35

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÎÃÐÀÍÈ×ÈÂÀÞÙÅÅ ÌÅÕÀÍÈ×ÅÑÊÎÅ                                 3.34

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÏÐÅÄÎÕÐÀÍÈÒÅËÜÍÎÅ                                           3.29

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß ÄÂÓÐÓ×ÍÎÅ                                        3.32

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß ÎÃÐÀÍÈ×ÅÍÍÛÌ ÄÂÈÆÅÍÈÅÌ                           3.36

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß Ñ ÀÂÒÎÌÀÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÌ ÂÎÇÂÐÀÒÎÌ Â ÈÑÕÎÄÍÎÅ ÏÎËÎÆÅÍÈÅ  3.31

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß ÑÎÏÓÒÑÒÂÓÞÙÅÅ                                    3.30

ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÓÏÐÀÂËßÞÙÅÅ                                                 3.45

ÔÓÍÊÖÈÈ ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÈ ÄÓÁËÈÐÓÞÙÈÅ                                       3.17

ÔÓÍÊÖÈÈ ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÈ ÊÐÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ                                       3.16

ÔÓÍÊÖÈß ÁÅÇÎÏÀÑÍÎÑÒÈ ÑÈÑÒÅÌ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß                                 3.93

ÔÓÍÊÖÈß ÌÀØÈÍÛ ÎÏÀÑÍÀß                                                 3.12

ÖÅÏÜ ÇÀÙÈÒÛ                                                            3.61

ÖÅÏÜ ÑÈËÎÂÀß                                                           3.60

ÖÅÏÜ ÓÏÐÀÂËÅÍÈß                                                        3.44

×ÀÑÒÜ ÂÍÅØÍßß ÒÎÊÎÏÐÎÂÎÄßÙÀß                                           3.51

×ÀÑÒÜ, ÍÀÕÎÄßÙÀßÑß ÏÎÄ ÍÀÏÐßÆÅÍÈÅÌ                                     3.55

×ÀÑÒÜ ÎÒÊÐÛÒÀß ÒÎÊÎÏÐÎÂÎÄßÙÀß                                          3.50

 

              Àëôàâèòíûé óêàçàòåëü òåðìèíîâ íà íåìåöêîì ÿçûêå

 

abweisende Schutzeinrichtung                                           3.37

aktives Teil                                                           3.55

Anhaltezeit                                                            3.75

Ausfall                                                                3.52

Ausfall, der zum gefahrlichen Zustand fuhrt                            3.19

Ausfalle infolge gemeinsamer Ursache                                   3.84

automatische Uberwachung                                               3.18

Bedienteil                                                             3.43

Begrenzungseinrichtung                                                 3.35

Benutzerinformation                                                    3.22

bestimmungsgemasse Verwendung einer Maschine                           3.15

bewegliche trennende Schutzeinrichtung                                 3.26

direkt wirkende Sicherheitsfunktionen                                  3.16

direktes Beruhren                                                      3.47

durch Formschluss wirkende Schutzeinrichtung                           3.34

einstellbare trennende Schutzeinrichtung                               3.27

Emissions-Schalldruck (p)                                              3.81

Energietrennung und-ableitung                                          3.68

Fehler                                                                 3.53

feststehende trennende Schutzeinrichtung                               3.25

fremdes leitfahiges Teil                                               3.51

Gefahrbereich                                                          3.13

gefahrdende Maschinenfunktion                                          3.12

Gefahrdung                                                             3.8

Gefahrdungsereignis                                                    3.88

Gefahrdungssituation                                                   3.9

Gefahrstoff                                                            3.78

Gehause                                                                3.48

Gerauschemissionsangabe                                                3.83

Gerauschemissions-Grundnorm                                            3.79

Gerauschmessnorm                                                       3.80

gesteuertes Stillsetzen                                                3.46

gleichartige Ausfalle                                                  3.85

Hauptstromkreis                                                        3.60

indirekt wirkende Sicherheitsfunktionen                                3.17

indirektes Beruhren                                                    3.54

Instandhaltbarkeit einer Maschine                                      3.6

Kategorie                                                              3.91

Konstruktion einer Maschine                                            3.14

Korper (eines elektrischen Betriebsmittels)                            3.50

manuelle Ruckstellung                                                  3.95

Maschine                                                               3.4

Maschinen-Anlauf                                                       3.66

Maschinen-Antriebselement                                              3.56

Muting                                                                 3.94

Neutralleiter (N)                                                      3.57

nicht trennende Schutzeinrichtung                                      3.29

NOT-AUS                                                                3.40

NOT-AUS-Einrichtung                                                    3.41

Operator                                                               3.23

Potentialausgleich                                                     3.49

Quetschstelle                                                          3.77

Redundanz                                                              3.63

Restrisiko                                                             3.90

Risiko                                                                 3.10

Risikobewertung                                                        3.11

Risikominderung durch Konstruktion                                     3.20

Schaden                                                                3.87

Schalleistung (W)                                                      3.82

Schaltgerat                                                            3.64

Schrittschaltung                                                       3.36

Schutzeinrichtung mit Annaherungsreaktion                              3.32

schutzende Konstruktion                                                3.38

Schutzleiter                                                           3.62

Schutzleitersystem                                                     3.61

Schutzmassnahme                                                        3.89

Sicherheit einer Maschine                                              3.7

Sicherheit von Steuerungen                                             3.92

Sicherheitsabstand                                                     3.39

Sicherheitsfunktion von Steuerungen                                    3.93

Stellteil                                                              3.42

Steuereinrichtung mit selbsttatiger Ruckstellung                       3.31

Steuergerat                                                            3.45

steuernde trennende Schutzeinrichtung                                  3.28

Steuerstromkreis                                                       3.44

technische Schutzmassnahmen                                            3.21

trennende Schutzeinrichtung                                            3.24

Typ A-Normen                                                           3.1

Typ B-Normen                                                           3.2

Typ C-Normen                                                           3.3

Uberlast eines Stromkreises                                            3.59

Uberstrom                                                              3.58

unerwarteter Anlauf                                                    3.67

ungesteuertes Stillsetzen                                              3.65

verriegelte trennende Schutzeinrichtung                                3.70

verriegelte trennende Schutzeinrichtung mit Zuhaltung                  3.71

Verriegelungseinrichtung                                               3.69

Zeit bis zum Aufheben der Gefahrdung                                   3.75

Zeit fur den Zugang bzw. Zugriff zum Gefahrbereich                     3.76

Zuhaltung                                                              3.72

Zustand eingeschrankter Brauchbarkeit                                  3.86

Zustimmungseinrichtung                                                 3.30

Zuverlassigkeit                                                        3.5

zwanglaufige Betatigung                                                3.73

Zwangsoffnung eines Kontaktelementes                                   3.74

Zweihandschaltung                                                      3.33

 

             Àëôàâèòíûé óêàçàòåëü òåðìèíîâ íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå

 

actuator                                                               3.43

adjustable guard                                                       3.27

automatic monitoring                                                   3.18

back-up functions                                                      3.17

basic noise emission standard                                          3.79

category                                                               3.91

common cause failure                                                   3.84

common mode failure                                                    3.85

control circuit                                                        3.44

control device                                                         3.45

control guard                                                          3.28

controlled stop                                                        3.46

crushing zone                                                          3.77

danger zone                                                            3.13

degraded state                                                         3.86

design of a machine                                                    3.14

deterring device                                                       3.37

direct contact                                                         3.47

emergency stop                                                         3.40

emergency stop equipment                                               3.41

emission sound pressure (p)                                            3.81

enabling control device                                                3.30

enclosure                                                              3.48

equipotential bonding                                                  3.49

exposed conductive part                                                3.50

extraneous conductive part                                             3.51

failure                                                                3.52

failure to danger                                                      3.19

fault                                                                  3.53

fixed guard                                                            3.25

guard                                                                  3.24

guard locking device                                                   3.72

harm                                                                   3.87

hazard                                                                 3.8

hazardous event                                                        3.88

hazardous machine function                                             3.12

hazardous situation                                                    3.9

hazardous substance                                                    3.78

hold-to-run control device                                             3.31

indirect contact                                                       3.54

information for use                                                    3.22

intended use of a machine                                              3.15

interlocking device                                                    3.69

interlocking guard                                                     3.70

interlocking guard with guard locking                                  3.71

isolation and energy dissipation                                       3.68

limited movement control device                                        3.36

limiting device                                                        3.35

live part                                                              3.55

machine actuator                                                       3.56

machine start-up                                                       3.66

machinery                                                              3.4

maintainability of a machine                                           3.6

manual control                                                         3.42

manual reset                                                           3.95

mechanical restraint device                                            3.34

movable guard                                                          3.26

muting                                                                 3.94

neutral conductor (N)                                                  3.57

noise emission declaration                                             3.83

noise test code                                                        3.80

operator                                                               3.23

overcurrent                                                            3.58

overload of a circuit                                                  3.59

positive mode actuation                                                3.73

positive opening operation of a contact element                        3.74

power circuit                                                          3.60

protective bonding circuit                                             3.61

protective conductor                                                   3.62

protective structure                                                   3.38

redundancy                                                             3.63

reliability                                                            3.5

residual risk                                                          3.90

risk                                                                   3.10

risk assessment                                                        3.11

risk reduction by design                                               3.20

safeguarding                                                           3.21

safety critical functions                                              3.16

safety device                                                          3.29

safety distance                                                        3.39

safety function of control systems                                     3.93

safety measure                                                         3.89

safety of a machine                                                    3.7

safety of control systems                                              3.92

sound power (W)                                                        3.82

stopping time                                                          3.75

switching device                                                       3.64

time for access to a danger zone                                       3.76

trip device                                                            3.33

two-hand control device                                                3.32

type A standards                                                       3.1

type B standards                                                       3.2

type Ñ standards                                                       3.3

uncontrolled stop                                                      3.65

unexpected start-up                                                    3.67

 

 

 

 

 

Ïðèëîæåíèå À

(ñïðàâî÷íîå)

 

ÁÈÁËÈÎÃÐÀÔÈß

 

[1] ÅÍ 414-2000. Áåçîïàñíîñòü îáîðóäîâàíèÿ. Ïðàâèëà ðàçðàáîòêè è îôîðìëåíèÿ ñòàíäàðòîâ ïî áåçîïàñíîñòè

[2] ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ/ÒÎ 12100-2-2002. Áåçîïàñíîñòü îáîðóäîâàíèÿ. Îñíîâíûå ïîíÿòèÿ, îáùèå ïðèíöèïû êîíñòðóèðîâàíèÿ. ×àñòü 2. Òåõíè÷åñêèå ïðàâèëà è òåõíè÷åñêèå òðåáîâàíèÿ

[3] ÅÍ 294-92. Áåçîïàñíîñòü ìàøèí. Áåçîïàñíûå ðàññòîÿíèÿ äëÿ ïðåäîõðàíåíèÿ âåðõíèõ êîíå÷íîñòåé îò ïîïàäàíèÿ â îïàñíóþ çîíó

[4] ÅÍ 418-92. Áåçîïàñíîñòü ìàøèí. Óñòàíîâêà àâàðèéíîãî âûêëþ÷åíèÿ. Ôóíêöèè. Ïðèíöèïû ïðîåêòèðîâàíèÿ

[5] ÌÝÊ 60050/441-84. Ìåæäóíàðîäíûé ýëåêòðîòåõíè÷åñêèé ñëîâàðü (ÌÝÑ). Ãëàâà 441. Êîììóòàöèîííàÿ àïïàðàòóðà, àïïàðàòóðà óïðàâëåíèÿ è ïðåäîõðàíèòåëè

[6] ÅÍ 60204-1-98. Áåçîïàñíîñòü ìàøèí. Ýëåêòðîîáîðóäîâàíèå ìàøèí è ìåõàíèçìîâ. ×àñòü 1. Îáùèå òðåáîâàíèÿ

[7] ÌÝÊ 60050/826-82. Ìåæäóíàðîäíûé ýëåêòðîòåõíè÷åñêèé ñëîâàðü (ÌÝÑ). Ãëàâà 826. Ýëåêòðîóñòàíîâêè çäàíèé

[8] ÃÎÑÒ 14254-96 (ÌÝÊ 529-89). Ñòåïåíè çàùèòû, îáåñïå÷èâàåìûå îáîëî÷êàìè (Êîä IP)

[9] ÌÝÊ 60050-191-90. Ìåæäóíàðîäíûé ýëåêòðîòåõíè÷åñêèé ñëîâàðü (ÌÝÑ). Ãëàâà 191. Íàäåæíîñòü è êà÷åñòâî óñëóã. Èçìåíåíèå 1 - 98

[10] ÅÍ 1037-95. Áåçîïàñíîñòü ìàøèí. Ïðåäîòâðàùåíèå íåîæèäàííîãî ïóñêà

[11] ÅÍ 1088-95. Áåçîïàñíîñòü ìàøèí. Áëîêèðîâî÷íûå óñòðîéñòâà, ñâÿçàííûå ñ çàùèòíûìè óñòðîéñòâàìè. Ïðèíöèïû êîíñòðóèðîâàíèÿ è âûáîðà

[12] ÌÝÊ 60947-5-1-97 (ÅÍ 60947-5-1-91). Àïïàðàòóðà ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ è óïðàâëåíèÿ íèçêîâîëüòíàÿ. ×àñòü 5.1. Àïïàðàòû è êîììóòàöèîííûå ýëåìåíòû öåïåé óïðàâëåíèÿ. Ýëåêòðîìåõàíè÷åñêèå àïïàðàòû äëÿ öåïåé óïðàâëåíèÿ

[13] ÅÍ 999-98. Áåçîïàñíîñòü ìàøèí. Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåìåùåíèÿ êèñòè ðóêè è ðóêè îò êèñòè äî ïëå÷à. Ñêîðîñòü ïîäâîäà ÷àñòåé òåëà ÷åëîâåêà äëÿ ïîçèöèîíèðîâàíèÿ ïðåäîõðàíèòåëüíûõ óñòðîéñòâ

[14] ÅÍ 349-93. Áåçîïàñíîñòü ìàøèí. Ìèíèìàëüíûå ðàññòîÿíèÿ äëÿ ïðåäîòâðàùåíèÿ çàùåìëåíèÿ ÷àñòåé ÷åëîâå÷åñêîãî òåëà

[15] ÃÎÑÒ ÈÑÎ 14123-1-2000. Áåçîïàñíîñòü îáîðóäîâàíèÿ. Ñíèæåíèå ðèñêà äëÿ çäîðîâüÿ îò îïàñíûõ âåùåñòâ, âûäåëÿåìûõ îáîðóäîâàíèåì. ×àñòü 1. Îñíîâíûå ïîëîæåíèÿ è òåõíè÷åñêèå òðåáîâàíèÿ

[16] ÅÍ ÈÑÎ 12001-96. Àêóñòèêà. Øóì, èçäàâàåìûé ìàøèíàìè è îáîðóäîâàíèåì. Ïðàâèëà ïî ðàçðàáîòêå è ïðåäñòàâëåíèþ íîðì ïî ïðîâåðêå øóìà

[17] CEN/CLC Ìåìîðàíäóì N 9, 1994. Ðóêîâîäñòâî ïî âêëþ÷åíèþ àñïåêòîâ áåçîïàñíîñòè â ñòàíäàðòû (èäåíòè÷åí ñ ðóêîâîäñòâîì N 51 - 1990 ISO/IEC)

[18] ÅÍ 1050-96. Áåçîïàñíîñòü ìàøèí. Ïðèíöèïû îöåíêè è îïðåäåëåíèÿ ðèñêà

[19] ÅÍ 954-1-96. Áåçîïàñíîñòü îáîðóäîâàíèÿ. Ýëåìåíòû ñèñòåì óïðàâëåíèÿ, ñâÿçàííûå ñ îáåñïå÷åíèåì áåçîïàñíîñòè. ×àñòü 1. Îáùèå ïðèíöèïû êîíñòðóèðîâàíèÿ

 

 

 


 
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